Results 191 to 200 of about 262,994 (235)
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2016
The neuronal networks that regulate various laryngeal movements including phonation, deglutition, and cough are mainly located in the brainstem. However, the physiological and anatomical organization of the brainstem neuronal circuitry is still not fully clarified. In this section, we addressed the contribution of the brainstem neuronal networks to the
Yoichiro Sugiyama +2 more
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The neuronal networks that regulate various laryngeal movements including phonation, deglutition, and cough are mainly located in the brainstem. However, the physiological and anatomical organization of the brainstem neuronal circuitry is still not fully clarified. In this section, we addressed the contribution of the brainstem neuronal networks to the
Yoichiro Sugiyama +2 more
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1995
Many organisms exhibit repetitive or oscillatory patterns of muscle activity that produce rhythmic movements such as locomotion, breathing, chewing and scratching. Examples include the escape swimming of the mollusc Tritonia diomedia, the digestive rhythms of the lobster, the undulatory swimming movements of the fish or the lamprey, the stepping ...
Sharon Crook, Avis Cohen
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Many organisms exhibit repetitive or oscillatory patterns of muscle activity that produce rhythmic movements such as locomotion, breathing, chewing and scratching. Examples include the escape swimming of the mollusc Tritonia diomedia, the digestive rhythms of the lobster, the undulatory swimming movements of the fish or the lamprey, the stepping ...
Sharon Crook, Avis Cohen
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Central pattern generators for bipedal locomotion
Journal of Mathematical Biology, 2006Golubitsky, Stewart, Buono and Collins proposed two models for the achitecture of central pattern generators (CPGs): one for bipeds (which we call leg) and one for quadrupeds (which we call quad). In this paper we use symmetry techniques to classify the possible spatiotemporal symmetries of periodic solutions that can exist in leg (there are 10 ...
Pinto, Carla M. A., Golubitsky, Martin
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Development of central pattern generating circuits
Current Opinion in Neurobiology, 2005The networks that generate rhythmic motor patterns in invertebrates and vertebrates are ideal for studying the mechanisms by which functional circuits are formed during development. Rhythmic motor patterns and movements are seen embryonically, before they are needed for behavior; recent work suggests that activity in immature spinal cord networks is ...
Eve, Marder, Kristina J, Rehm
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Walking Pattern Generator Using an Evolutionary Central Pattern Generator
2010For the generation of locomotion, such as walking, running or swimming, vertebrate and invertebrate animals use the Central PatternGenerator (CPG). In this paper, a walking pattern generator is proposed using an evolutionary optimized CPG. Sensory feedback pathways in CPG are proposed, which uses Force Sensing Resistor (FSR) signals.
Chang-Soo Park +5 more
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Are central pattern generators understandable?
Behavioral and Brain Sciences, 1980AbstractMost rhythmic behaviors are produced by a specialized ensemble of neurons found in the central nervous system. These central pattern generators (CPGs) have become a cornerstone of neuronal circuit analysis. Studying simple invertebrate nervous systems may reveal the interactions of the neurons involved in the production of rhythmic motor output.
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SENSORY FEEDBACK IN CNN-BASED CENTRAL PATTERN GENERATORS
International Journal of Neural Systems, 2003Central Pattern Generators (CPGs) are a suitable paradigm to solve the problem of locomotion control in walking robots. CPGs are able to generate feed-forward signals to achieve a proper coordination among the robot legs. In literature they are often modelled as networks of coupled nonlinear systems.
ARENA, Paolo Pietro +3 more
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Central pattern generation during breathing
Trends in Neurosciences, 1980Abstract Both breathing and locomotion are examples of cyclic motor acts which are governed by a ‘central oscillator’ or ‘pattern generator’ which do not require phasic afferent feedback from the moving parts for production of a rhythmic motor output, provided a central pattern generator receives adequate biasing inputs.
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Oscillator-Generated Wave Phenomena and Central Pattern Generators
1989In Chapter 9 we saw how diffusion, chemotaxis and convection mechanisms could generate spatial patterns: in later chapters we discuss mechanisms of biologiocal pattern formation extensively. In Chapters 11, 12 and 20 we shall see how diffusion effects, for example, can also generate travelling waves, which have been used to model the spread of pest ...
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DRIVING RESPIRATION: THE RESPIRATORY CENTRAL PATTERN GENERATOR
Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology and Physiology, 1998SUMMARY1. The central pattern generator (CPG) for respiration is located in the brainstem and produces rhythmic synaptic drive for motoneurons controlling respiratory muscles. Based on respiratory nerve discharge, the respiratory cycle can be divided into three phases: inspiration, postinspiration and stage 2 expiration.2.
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