Results 11 to 20 of about 17,118 (247)
Channelrhodopsins: From Phototaxis to Optogenetics [PDF]
Biochemistry (Moscow), 2023 Abstract Channelrhodopsins stand out among other retinal proteins because of their capacity to generate passive ionic currents following photoactivation. Owing to that, channelrhodopsins are widely used in neuroscience and cardiology as instruments for optogenetic manipulation of the activity of excitable cells ...
Elena G. Govorunova +1 more
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Dual-color optical activation and suppression of neurons with high temporal precision [PDF]
eLifeA well-known phenomenon in the optogenetic toolbox is that all light-gated ion channels, including red-shifted channelrhodopsins (ChRs), are activated by blue light, whereas blue-shifted ChRs are minimally responsive to longer wavelengths.
Noëmie Mermet-Joret +11 more
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Biophysics of Channelrhodopsin [PDF]
Annual Review of Biophysics, 2015 Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are directly light-gated ion channels that function as sensory photoreceptors in flagellated green algae, allowing these algae to identify optimal light conditions for growth. In neuroscience, ChRs constitute the most versatile tools for the light-induced activation of selected cells or cell types with unprecedented precision ...
Franziska Schneider +2 more
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Ion Selectivity and Competition in Channelrhodopsins [PDF]
Biophysical Journal, 2013 Channelrhodopsins are light-gated ion channels of green algae. They are widely used for the analysis of neuronal networks using light in the emerging field of optogenetics. Under steady-state light conditions, the two open states, O1 and O2, mediate the photocurrents with different ion conductance and selectivity.
Franziska Schneider +2 more
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Potassium-selective channelrhodopsins
Biophysics and Physicobiology, 2023 Since their discovery 21 years ago, channelrhodopsins have come of age and have become indispensable tools for optogenetic control of excitable cells such as neurons and myocytes. Potential therapeutic utility of channelrhodopsins has been proven by partial vision restoration in a human patient.
Elena G. Govorunova +2 more
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Photoactivation of Channelrhodopsin [PDF]
Journal of Biological Chemistry, 2008 Channelrhodopsins (ChRs) are light-gated ion channels that control photomovement of microalgae. In optogenetics, ChRs are widely applied for light-triggering action potentials in cells, tissues, and living animals, yet the spectral properties and photocycle of ChR remain obscure.
Oliver P, Ernst +5 more
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Multiple Photocycles of Channelrhodopsin [PDF]
Biophysical Journal, 2005 Two rhodopsins with intrinsic ion conductance have been identified recently in Chlamydomonas reinhardtii. They were named "channelrhodopsins" ChR1 and ChR2. Both were expressed in Xenopus laevis oocytes, and their properties were studied qualitatively by two electrode voltage clamp techniques. ChR1 is specific for H+, whereas ChR2 conducts Na+, K+, Ca2+
Hegemann, Peter +2 more
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Photocycles of Channelrhodopsin‐2 [PDF]
Photochemistry and Photobiology, 2009 AbstractRecent developments have used light‐activated channels or transporters to modulate neuronal activity. One such genetically‐encoded modulator of activity, channelrhodopsin‐2 (ChR2), depolarizes neurons in response to blue light. In this work, we first conducted electrophysiological studies of the photokinetics of hippocampal cells expressing ...
Nikolic, Konstantin +5 more
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Intramolecular Proton Transfer in Channelrhodopsins [PDF]
Biophysical Journal, 2013 Channelrhodopsins serve as photoreceptors that control the motility behavior of green flagellate algae and act as light-gated ion channels when heterologously expressed in animal cells. Here, we report direct measurements of proton transfer from the retinylidene Schiff base in several channelrhodopsin variants expressed in HEK293 cells.
Oleg A. Sineshchekov +4 more
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