Chemical defences indicate bold colour patterns with reduced variability in aposematic nudibranchs. [PDF]
Proc Biol SciThe selective factors that shape phenotypic diversity in prey communities with aposematic animals are diverse and coincide with similar diversity in the strength of underlying secondary defences.
van den Berg CP +7 more
europepmc +2 more sources
The impact of multiple climatic and geographic factors on the chemical defences of Asian toads (Bufo gargarizans Cantor). [PDF]
Sci Rep, 2019 Chemical defences are widespread in nature, yet we know little about whether and how climatic and geographic factors affect their evolution. In this study, we investigated the natural variation in the concentration and composition of the main bufogenin ...
Cao Y, Cui K, Pan H, Wu J, Wang L.
europepmc +2 more sources
Interactions within the microbiome alter microbial interactions with host chemical defences and affect disease in a marine holobiont. [PDF]
Sci Rep, 2019 Our understanding of diseases has been transformed by the realisation that people are holobionts, comprised of a host and its associated microbiome(s).
Longford SR +5 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Toads phenotypically adjust their chemical defences to anthropogenic habitat change. [PDF]
Sci Rep, 2019 Despite the well-documented effects of human-induced environmental changes on the morphology, physiology, behaviour and life history of wild animals, next to nothing is known about how anthropogenic habitats influence anti-predatory chemical defence, a ...
Bókony V +4 more
europepmc +2 more sources
Sexual differences in defensive strategies: investigating chemical defences and visual signals in a wasp moth Amata nigriceps [PDF]
Royal Society Open ScienceAposematic animals use conspicuous warning signals to advertise their chemical defences to predators. Selection by predators can favour conspicuousness and large pattern elements, which enhance predator avoidance learning.
Georgina E. Binns +9 more
doaj +2 more sources
Forest Systems, 2020 Aim of study: to assess whether constitutive levels of total phenols and condensed tannins acting as chemical defences in Quercus ilex vary across regions, populations and genotypes.
Manuela Rodríguez-Romero +2 more
doaj +2 more sources
Resource allocation trade-offs and the loss of chemical defences during apple domestication. [PDF]
Ann Bot, 2019 BACKGROUND AND AIMS Most crops have been dramatically altered from their wild ancestors with the primary goal of increasing harvestable yield. A long-held hypothesis is that increased allocation to yield has reduced plant investment in defence and ...
Whitehead SR, Poveda K.
europepmc +2 more sources
Environmental and Experimental Botany, 2019 During their long lifespan, pines must cope with simultaneous abiotic and biotic stresses such as drought and herbivory. Mediterranean pines are isohydric species that rapidly close their stomata in response to drought reducing carbon fixation.
Luis Sampedro +2 more
exaly +2 more sources
Maternally derived chemical defences are an effective deterrent against some predators of poison frog tadpoles ( Oophaga pumilio ) [PDF]
Biology Letters, 2014 Jennifer L Stynoski, Peter Stynoski
exaly +3 more sources
Knowing the Enemy: Inducible Defences in Freshwater Zooplankton
Diversity, 2020 Phenotypic plasticity in defensive traits is an appropriate mechanism to cope with the variable hazard of a frequently changing predator spectrum. In the animal kingdom these so-called inducible defences cover the entire taxonomic range from protozoans ...
Patricia Diel +3 more
doaj +3 more sources