Results 51 to 60 of about 11,717 (208)

Are Melanocortin Receptors Present in Extant Protochordates?

Biomolecules
Functional melanocortin receptor (MCR) genes have been identified in the genomes of early chordates, e.g., the cyclostomata. Whether they appear in the most ancient chordates such as cephalochordate and urochordata, however, remains unclear due to ...
Ren-Lei Ji, Shan-Shan Jiang, Gunnar Kleinau, Patrick Scheerer, Ya-Xiong Tao   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Xbp1 and Brachyury establish an evolutionarily conserved subcircuit of the notochord gene regulatory network

eLife, 2022
Gene regulatory networks coordinate the formation of organs and structures that compose the evolving body plans of different organisms. We are using a simple chordate model, the Ciona embryo, to investigate the essential gene regulatory network that ...
Yushi Wu, Arun Devotta, Diana S José-Edwards, Jamie E Kugler, Lenny J Negrón-Piñeiro, Karina Braslavskaya, Jermyn Addy, Jean-Pierre Saint-Jeannet, Anna Di Gregorio   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

Spatiotemporal cellular dynamics of the notochord shape intervertebral disc morphogenesis in the mouse embryo through apoptosis and proliferation

Developmental Dynamics, EarlyView.
Abstract Background The notochord is a midline structure essential for vertebrate embryogenesis, contributing to the development of the nervous system, digestive tract, and vertebral column. In particular, notochord signaling is indispensable for proper patterning and coordinated development of alternating vertebrae and intervertebral discs (IVDs ...
Julie Warin, Estelle Balissat, Pauline Colombier, Lily Paillat, Maeva Dutilleul, Anne Camus   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Parallel visual circuitry in a basal chordate

eLife, 2019
A common CNS architecture is observed in all chordates, from vertebrates to basal chordates like the ascidian Ciona. Ciona stands apart among chordates in having a complete larval connectome.
Matthew J Kourakis, Cezar Borba, Angela Zhang, Erin Newman-Smith, Priscilla Salas, B Manjunath, William C Smith   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Hemichordates' diffuse "skin brain" shows unexpected complexity.

PLoS Biology, 2023
Hemichordates are close relatives of chordates. Their nervous system patterning is chordate-like, but their neural architecture remains unexplored.
Alexandra Kerbl, Gáspár Jékely
doaj   +1 more source

Ancestral Stem Cell Reprogramming Genes Active in Hemichordate Regeneration

Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution, 2022
Hemichordate enteropneust worms regenerate extensively in a manner that resembles the regeneration for which planaria and hydra are well known.
Tom Humphreys, Keith Weiser, Asuka Arimoto, Akane Sasaki, Gene Uenishi, Brent Fujimoto, Takeshi Kawashima, Kekoa Taparra, Janos Molnar, Noriyuki Satoh, Yusuke Marikawa, Kuni Tagawa   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Role of SoxE transcription factors in development and disease

Developmental Dynamics, EarlyView.
Abstract Sox8, Sox9, and Sox10 arose by multiple rounds of genome duplications from a single SoxE gene in ancestral vertebrates. In this review, we will briefly discuss the molecular structure and function of SoxE transcription factors and their evolutionary origin. We will then discuss their expression, function, and developmental disorders.
Merin Lawrence, Gerhard Schlosser
wiley   +1 more source

Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis in chordates: insights into the evolution of Fads and Elovl gene repertoire [PDF]

, 2016
Long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids (LC-PUFA) are major components of complex lipid molecules and are also involved in numerous critical biological processes. Studies conducted mainly in vertebrates have demonstrated that LC-PUFA can be biosynthesized
Costa Castro, Luıs Filipe, Tocher, Douglas R, Monroig, Oscar   +2 more
core   +1 more source

Calpain Proteases and the Evolving Signaling Network in Insect Embryonic Patterning

Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution, EarlyView.
Insect embryonic Dorsal‐Ventral (DV) patterning relies on the BMP and Toll pathways to different extents. Calcium‐dependent cystein proteases of the Calpain family also exert an important function to pattern the DV axis. In Drosophila, Calpain A cleaves the Cactus/IkappaB inhibitor and modifies Toll signals in ventral regions of the embryo. In Rhodnius
Alison Julio, Helena Araujo
wiley   +1 more source