This paper argues that the concept of the civilian is a specific way of viewing non-combatants that can be traced to the First World War. Before the war, non-combatants were seen by the law and the prevailing culture as citizens. The citizen was potentially and probably aggressive, bound to the fate of his or her state and, therefore, granted only ...
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Kintzle S +4 more
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Meghdari A.
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Occupational trauma and probable PTSD among sworn and civilian police employees. [PDF]
Lau B, Bjørkelo B, Fostervold KI.
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Psychological Adaptation During Prolonged War-Related Stress in Ukraine: A Narrative Review. [PDF]
Nekrasova N +4 more
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Kandhari S, Harper C, Davies T.
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The effort-reward imbalance model in policing: associations with mental health and work functioning among sworn and civilian employees. [PDF]
Lau B, Fostervold KI, Bjørkelo B.
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