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Water in the climate system

2016
Water is an essential element of climate, owing to its dynamical and thermodynamical effects. Water is, in addition, one of the main fluids active in the climate system: oceans, ice sheets and glaciers, snow and atmospheric water (in vapor, liquid or solid form) and the whole hydrological cycle are at the heart of the workings of the Earth System.
Elisa Palazzi, Antonello Provenzale
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The Climate System

2019
Interesting but sometimes complex interacting processes cause differences in climate between more urbanized areas and nearby less urbanized areas. This chapter aims to provide an understanding of urban climate systems and the ecological significance of the differences between rural and urban climate.
Gordon M. Heisler, Anthony J. Brazel
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Climate and the Climate System

1988
The climate and global climate system are reviewed in terms of the characteristic physical processes which operate within and between its atmospheric, oceanic, cryospheric and land surface components. Together with conditions external to the system, these processes are responsible for both the maintenance and change of climate over time scales ranging ...
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The climate system

2012
Insolation is the incoming energy from the Sun. It is at shorter wavelengths of ultraviolet, the visible spectrum, and the near infrared. Albedo is the reflection of incoming energy back into space by the planet. To maintain a given temperature, the Earth radiates energy back into space at invisible infrared wavelengths.
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A climate stress-test of the financial system

Nature Climate Change, 2016
The urgency of estimating the impact of climate risks on the financial system is increasingly recognized among scholars and practitioners. By adopting a network approach to financial dependencies, we look at how climate policy risk might propagate through the financial system.
Battiston, Stefano   +4 more
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Modeling of the Mediterranean Climate System

2012
The objective of this chapter is to make a review on the state of the art of regional climate modeling over the Mediterranean. Two main parts are developed. The first one is devoted to atmospheric parameters and the basic performance of both global and regional climate models in simulating the Mediterranean climate.
L. Li   +11 more
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The Climate System

1999
Climate is a comprehensive system and therefore it is not possible to give a sharp definition. In its simplest way climate is related to the average weather experience of everyday. Meteorologists describe climate as the average weather over a period of 30 years. As such climate is related to mean values of surface temperature, rainfall, wind speed, and
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Climate Change and the Financial System

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2019
The financial system could help achieve the global climate targets by aligning investments to sustainability. However, investors are largely exposed to carbon-intensive assets that could become stranded, thus delaying the low-carbon transition and bringing new sources of risk for financial stability, i.e., climate-related financial risks.
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The Climate System

2004
The Sun provides the overwhelming share of energy available for the Earth and its various physical, chemical, and biological components; close to 99.7% of the energy supplied to the Earth is of solar origin, while the remaining 0.3% is related to tectonic and geothermal processes.
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System Thinking and Teaching in the Context of Climate System and Climate Change

2017
In this chapter, the authors describe what comprises a complex system, then they describe what research says about learning system thinking, and finally, they propose suggestions for embedding system thinking in the teaching of climate and climate change.
Anita Roychoudhury   +2 more
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