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Clostridium botulinum and Clostridium perfringens
2007Clostridium is a diverse genus of Gram-positive, endospore-bearing obligate anaerobes that are widespread in the environment. This genus includes more than 100 species, and the overall range in the G+C content (22–55 mol%) reflects the enormous phylogenetic variation encompassed within this group.
Jim McLauchlin, Kathie A. Grant
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Immunofluorescent Identification of Clostridium botulinum
Nature, 1964THE detection of Clostridium botulinum usually involves culturing the suspect sample, and then testing the culture for the presence of botulinum toxin. The toxin is identified by mouse protection tests using specific botulinum antitoxins1, a procedure complicated by the known existence of six different types of Cl.
M, BOOTHROYD, D L, GEORGALA
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[Clostridium botulinum and botulinum neurotoxin].
Brain and nerve = Shinkei kenkyu no shinpo, 2011Clostridium botulinum is a gram-positive anaerobic rod that forms endospores. This bacterium produces large molecular toxin complexes, namely botulinum toxin complexes (progenitor toxins). It (L toxin complex) is composed of a single neurotoxin molecule (BoNT with a molecular weight of 150 kDa), a single nontoxic nonhemagglutinin molecule (NTNHA), and ...
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Clostridium botulinum Subtype Ba Clostridium botulinum Subtyp Ba
Zentralblatt für Bakteriologie, Mikrobiologie und Hygiene. 1. Abt. Originale. A, Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Infektionskrankheiten und Parasitologie, 1984Summary Strain 657 has been described as a toxin variant of Clostridium botulinum type B. Neutralization tests performed with types A and B botulinal antitoxins of known potency and avidity at 20, 25, 50, 100, 200, 2,000 and 20,000 mouse LD 50 levels of testing, have shown that 657 toxin is a mixture of B (approximately 95 % of the complex) and A ...
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Bacteriophages of Clostridium botulinum
Journal of Virology, 1968K, Inoue, H, Iida
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Clostridium botulinum: Characteristics and Occurrence
Clinical Infectious Diseases, 1979Clostridium botulinum is not a well-defined species of bacterium. Instead, it is a conglomerate of four culturally distinct groups of organisms that, among them, produce seven serologically distinct toxins, all with similar pharmacological action. The principal habitat of C.
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When anaerobes encounter oxygen: mechanisms of oxygen toxicity, tolerance and defence
Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2021Zheng Lu, James A Imlay
exaly
Clostridium species for fermentative hydrogen production: An overview
International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 2021, Yanan Yin
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Clostridium botulinum, Clostridium perfringens, Clostridium difficile
2018Members of the genus Clostridium cause a variety of diseases in humans and animals, sometimes with fatal consequences. These organisms are anaerobic spore-forming rod-shaped bacteria and mostly associated with soil and sediments. Three species, Clostridium botulinum, C. perfringens and C. difficile, have a significant importance because these pathogens
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