Results 241 to 250 of about 16,685 (283)

Does War Make States? Military Spending and the Italian State‐Building, 1861–1945

open access: yesKyklos, Volume 78, Issue 2, Page 367-383, May 2025.
ABSTRACT We present empirical evidence on the relationship between military spending and the expansion of other government budget items and tax revenues from the unification of Italy (1861) up to the end of World War II. Until 1922, investments in education and social transfers to families mainly moved in step with defence spending.
Barbara Pistoresi   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

How Do Nuclear Energy, Geothermal Energy, Urbanization, and Minerals Depletion Affect Environmental Quality: New Insights From E7 Countries

open access: yesNatural Resource Modeling, Volume 38, Issue 2, May 2025.
ABSTRACT Achieving environmental sustainability is of utmost importance to economies worldwide, regardless of their level of development. As a result, most international economies have accepted several accords to deal with environmental issues on a global scale.
Xianping Zhang   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Oil rents shocks and corruption in Iran

open access: yesReview of Development Economics, Volume 29, Issue 2, Page 887-916, May 2025.
Abstract We investigate the response of the news‐based corruption reflection index to positive shocks in oil rents in Iran. Using annual data spanning from 1962 to 2019, we employ the vector autoregressive model and analyze generalized impulse responses. Our findings reveal a statistically significant and positive (increasing) response of corruption to
Mohammad Reza Farzanegan, Reza Zamani
wiley   +1 more source

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