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The ICC and Common Purpose: What Contribution is Required Under Article 25(3)(d)?
Abstract This chapter discusses the nature and elements of common purpose liability under Article 25(3)(d) of the ICC Statute. It argues that Article 25(3)(d) represents a compromise that tries to combine opposition of state delegations to any form of anticipated (e.g. conspiracy) or organizational/collective liability (e.g.
Кай Амбос
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This research explores the applicability of Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 and Additional Protocol II 1977 of the Geneva Conventions of 1949 through internal and horizontal conflicts, and the minimum threshold of'internal armed conflict and internal civil disturbances' in Indonesia, such as in Kalimantan, Paso and ...
Heru Susetyo
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Common Article 3 and Asymmetric Warfare in the Context of Cyber Operations
International Humanitarian Law (IHL) serves as the crucial framework governing armed conflicts, seeking to humanize warfare and regulate the conduct of hostilities, whether at the international or non-international level. While the rules outlined in Common Article 3 (CA3) and Additional Protocol II (APII) pertain specifically to non-international armed
Muhammad Asif Safdar +3 more
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Common Discourse Patterns of Cross-diciplinary Research Article Abstracts in English [PDF]
Because of its important role in the advancement of science, attempts have been made to investigate research article abstracts in terms of both their discourse patterning and their linguistic characteristics.
Tofan Dwi Hardjanto
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RETRACTED ARTICLE: Isolation and analysis of homoeologous genes encoding gibberellin 2-oxidase 3 isozymes in common wheat [PDF]
Qiufang Chen +8 more
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The Geneva Conventions were negotiated at the diplomatic conference held in Geneva in 1949, making 2024 its seventy-fifth anniversary. The intentions of states at that time concerning the identification of a non-state party to an armed conflict not of an international character was for a non-state group to be identified as belligerent; however, in ...
Ayodele Ojedokun
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Recently, non-State organized armed groups with blurring military and non-military wings are increasingly active, bringing legal uncertainty to the law of targeting in non-international armed conflicts (NIACs). This paper aims to specify existing discussions to the child members of these groups.
Zeyi Huang
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David S. Weissbrodt, Andrea W. Templeton
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Universal permissive jurisdiction for the violation of Common Article 3 of the Geneva Conventions for the Protection of the Victims of War of 12 August 1949 [PDF]
Takhmina Karimova
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A systematic review of herbal medicines to improve the sexual function of menopausal women [PDF]
Sexual function is one of the most important aspects of menopausal women, and its disorder is a common condition among this group of women. The long-term side effects of hormone replacement therapy to improve this disorder have led women to seek ...
Tanya Koliji +4 more
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