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Current concepts of maxillitis pathogenesis and morphogenesis
Zaporožskij Medicinskij Žurnal, 2018 The aetiology of prenatal sinusitis as well as maxillitis is caused by bacteria, micromyces and viruses, often in combination. Acute infection spreads predominantly from meatus to paranasal sinuses resulting in rhinosinusitis development.
I. M. Andreichyn, V. A. Mikhniov
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Clustered environments and randomized genes: a fundamental distinction between conventional and genetic epidemiology. [PDF]
, 2007 BACKGROUND: In conventional epidemiology confounding of the exposure of interest with lifestyle or socioeconomic factors, and reverse causation whereby disease status influences exposure rather than vice versa, may invalidate causal interpretations of ...
Timpson, NJ +23 more
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Confounding Factors in the Interpretation of Preclinical Studies [PDF]
International Journal of Toxicology, 2019 A number of issues may arise during the conduct of a study which can complicate interpretation of in vitro and in vivo datasets. Speakers discussed the implications of differing interpretations and how to avoid complicating factors during study planning and execution. Consideration needs to be given to study design factors including defining objectives,
Laura Dill, Morton +5 more
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Confounding factors and seasonal depression
International Journal of Circumpolar Health, 2003 While reviewing the literature about seasonal affective disorder, we read about the work by Nilsson and collaborators (1999), showing that the rate of self reported depression was four to five times higher in Russians than in Norwegians living on Svalbard.
Schulz P, Curtin F
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Hypertension and diabetes incidence: confounding factors [PDF]
Hypertension Research, 2011 Multimorbidity, defined as the coexistence of two or more chronic diseases, is a common phenomenon. Numerous efforts to establish a standardized instrument to assess the level of multimorbidity have failed until now, and indices are primarily characterized by their high heterogeneity.
Arrigo F G, Cicero, Sibel, Ertek
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Recommendations for using standardised phenotypes in genetic association studies
Human Genomics, 2009 Genetic association studies of complex traits often rely on standardised quantitative phenotypes, such as percentage of predicted forced expiratory volume and body mass index to measure an underlying trait of interest (eg lung function, obesity).
Naylor Melissa G +2 more
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Geographic bias related to geocoding in epidemiologic studies
International Journal of Health Geographics, 2005 Background This article describes geographic bias in GIS analyses with unrepresentative data owing to missing geocodes, using as an example a spatial analysis of prostate cancer incidence among whites and African Americans in Virginia, 1990–1999 ...
Siadaty Mir +4 more
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General characteristics and confounding factors in the entire cohort.
, 2022 General characteristics and confounding factors in the entire cohort.
Péter Siró (12646843) +9 more
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Confounding factors in algal phosphorus limitation experiments. [PDF]
PLoS ONE, 2018 Assessing algal nutrient limitation is critical for understanding the interaction of primary production and nutrient cycling in streams, and nutrient diffusing substrate (NDS) experiments are often used to determine limiting nutrients such as nitrogen (N)
Whitney S Beck, Ed K Hall
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Confounding factors for case exclusion.
, 2014 Note: 55 dogs in total were excluded during case filtering because of confounding clinical factors. More than one confounding factor was found in some dogs.Confounding factors for case exclusion.
Connie Chuang (634419) +7 more
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