Results 51 to 60 of about 390,093 (289)

Neurophysiological Mechanisms Underlying Cortical Hyper-Excitability in Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis: A Review

Brain Sciences, 2021
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neuromotor disease characterized by the loss of upper and lower motor neurons (MNs), resulting in muscle paralysis and death. Early cortical hyper-excitability is a common pathological process observed
Jonu Pradhan, Mark C. Bellingham
doaj   +1 more source

Emerging Post‐CMOS Hardware Neurons for Brain‐Inspired Computing: Devices, Circuits, and System Integration

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
The physical realization of artificial neurons is a critical challenge for energy‐efficient neuromorphic computing. This review presents a comprehensive analysis of the evolution of artificial neuron implementations from conventional CMOS to emerging post‐CMOS technologies.
Kannan Udaya Mohanan, Hocheon Yoo, Benoît H. Lessard, Ioannis Kymissis, Chang‐Hyun Kim   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Sleep-dependent upscaled excitability, saturated neuroplasticity, and modulated cognition in the human brain

eLife, 2022
Sleep strongly affects synaptic strength, making it critical for cognition, especially learning and memory formation. Whether and how sleep deprivation modulates human brain physiology and cognition is not well understood.
Mohammad Ali Salehinejad, Elham Ghanavati, Jörg Reinders, Jan G Hengstler, Min-Fang Kuo, Michael A Nitsche   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Slow Cortical Potentials Reflect the Regulation of Cortical Excitability [PDF]

, 1993
A model is described which postulates ways in which regulatory circuits within the brain might generate electrical activity underlying spontaneous EEG fluctuations and event-related slow potentials (ERP) of the brain. We suggest that slow potentials represent a measure of the excitability of cortical neuronal networks and that this excitability must be
openaire   +2 more sources

An Epigenetic Fate Converter Based on Nuclei‐Targeting Lipid Nanoparticles Drives Neuronal Programming of Stem Cells for Spinal Cord Repair

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Schematic illustration of LNP‐MPG nuclei‐targeting delivery of HMW‐FGF2 promoting histone acetylation to regulate the fate of DPSCs and treat spinal cord injury. LNPs components include pHMW‐FGF2 plasmid, DSPC, Dlin‐MC3‐DMA, cholesterol, and PEG2000, and are modified with MPG to form HMW‐FGF2@LNP‐MPG (HLM). HLM nuclei‐targets DPSCs to deliver HMW‐FGF2,
Heng Zhou, Qiang Qin, Xiqin Li, Hanyu Ding, Chun Xu, Yan He, Qingsong Ye   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

Cortical excitability on sleep deprivation measured by transcranial magnetic stimulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Brain Research Bulletin
Sleep deprivation is a common public problem, and researchers speculated its neurophysiological mechanisms related to cortical excitatory and inhibitory activity.
Yihui Zhang, Yuan Shi, Ye Zhang, Jian Jiao, Xiangdong Tang   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the treatment of tinnitus: Effects on cortical excitability

BMC Neuroscience, 2007
Background Low frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) has been proposed as an innovative treatment for chronic tinnitus. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the underlying mechanism and to evaluate the relationship ...
Hajak Göran, Sand Philipp G, Binder Harald, Marienhagen Joerg, Kleinjung Tobias, Langguth Berthold, Eichhammer Peter   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

A Magneto‐Mechanically Activated Nerve Guidance Conduit Promotes Peripheral Nerve Regeneration via TIMP1‐Mediated Membrane Tension Transfer

Advanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
This study presents a magneto‐mechanical strategy that incorporates FP@MSCs into an aligned PCL/GelMA nerve guidance conduit. Magnetic stimulation increases membrane tension in FP@MSCs, triggering cytoskeletal remodeling, Schwann cell‐like differentiation, and TIMP1 secretion. TIMP1 activates ITGB1/CD63–FAK signaling in NE‐4C cells, increasing membrane
Xinyu Zhu, Yumin Wu, Xiang Gao, Tianlu Wang, Wanting Jia, Xueying Mei, Huanzhong Ji, Zongxi Wu, Yujie Liang, Xiang Li, Kan Li, Jingyuan Li, Guangsen Zheng, Guiqing Liao, Siyong Gao   +14 more
wiley   +1 more source

The cortical mechanisms underlying the analgesic effects of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation: protocol for a systematic review and meta-analysis

Systematic Reviews
Introduction Repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is a promising, safe, and non-invasive treatment for pain. However, there is no clear understanding of the cortical mechanisms underlying the analgesic effect of rTMS.
Nahian S. Chowdhury, Donovan Cheng, Wei-Ju Chang, Negin Hesam-Shariati, Yann Quide, Pedro Henrique Martins da Cunha, Jorge Dornellys da Silva Lapa, Gabriel Taricani Kubota, Karlos Daniell Araújo dos Santos, Davi Neves Coelho, Daniel Ciampi de Andrade, Sylvia Gustin   +11 more
doaj   +1 more source

Personalized real-time inference of momentary excitability from human EEG

NeuroImage
The efficacy of transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) is often limited by non-adaptive protocols that disregard instantaneous brain states, potentially constraining therapeutic outcomes.
Lisa Haxel, Oskari Ahola, Jaivardhan Kapoor, Ulf Ziemann, Jakob H. Macke   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source