Results 241 to 250 of about 54,503 (288)

Cosmic-ray astrochemistry

Chemical Society Reviews, 2013
Gas-phase chemistry in the interstellar medium is driven by fast ion-molecule reactions. This, of course, demands a mechanism for ionization, and cosmic rays are the ideal candidate as they can operate throughout the majority of both diffuse and dense interstellar clouds.
Nick, Indriolo, Benjamin J, McCall
openaire   +2 more sources

Cosmic-ray Clocks

Space Science Reviews, 1998
Secondary radioactive isotopes that are used for the determination of cosmic-ray age have relatively short decay lifetimes. The measured abundance of these isotopes at low energies is representative of the cosmic-ray diffusion and the gas distribution in a region of a few hundred parsecs around the Sun.
Vladimir S. Ptuskin, Aimé Soutoul
openaire   +1 more source

Cosmic γ rays and cosmic-ray particles

Nature, 1983
Recent experiments using extensive air shower techniques1–5 have given evidence for the presence of significant fluxes of cosmic γ rays, in the energy range 1015–1016 eV, from specific cosmic sources. We argue here that the flux from these sources, and others as yet unresolved, is probably sufficient to allow the explanation of a number of previously ...
J. Wdowczyk, A. W. Wolfendale
openaire   +1 more source

Cosmic Rays? Cosmic Particles

2021
Cosmic rays are not rays. They are high energy particles arriving from outside the atmosphere, produced by the Sun and a number of different types of high energy astronomical sources. I first explain how, in the early twentieth century Victor Hess in a high altititude balloon showed that they do not have a terrrestrial origin, and how Robert Millikan ...
openaire   +1 more source

Primary Cosmic Rays

Radiation Research, 1961
the sun at the time of these flares. The peak intensity near the earth's orbit may be much higher than that of the galactic cosmic-ray background. There is evidence that the radiations originating in solar flares consist of particles usually having nonrelativistic velocities, but at times with energies extending well up into the relativistic range ...
openaire   +2 more sources

Cosmic ray interactions

2010
This book is not a book on high energy physics and particle interactions. We have, however, to give the reader some information on the structure of matter and the interactions between its building blocks, because these are necessary for the understanding of the phenomena of cosmic ray acceleration, propagation in the Universe, and detection.
openaire   +1 more source

Cosmic Rays Underground

2010
Primary cosmic rays almost never reach sea level. Secondary particles do. Hadrons, electrons and γ-rays interact immediately with the rock and are quickly absorbed. 10 meters of rock provide two to three times more column depth than the whole atmosphere. Only very high energy muons (E > 500 GeV) can penetrate deep underground where they can be detected
openaire   +1 more source

Cosmic Ray Showers

2010
Cosmic ray showers are cascades initiated by cosmic rays interacting in the atmosphere. Cascades had already been observed in the 1920s when a single track belonging to a charged particle was observed to split into two tracks. The observations of showers led to the development of the electromagnetic cascade theory in the 1930s with the participation of
openaire   +1 more source

Home - About - Disclaimer - Privacy