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Covariate-free and Covariate-dependent Reliability
Psychometrika, 2016Classical test theory reliability coefficients are said to be population specific. Reliability generalization, a meta-analysis method, is the main procedure for evaluating the stability of reliability coefficients across populations. A new approach is developed to evaluate the degree of invariance of reliability coefficients to population ...
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Misclassification of covariates
Statistics in Medicine, 1991AbstractIn the context of reported data on asthma mortality, we examine two types of covariate misclassification. The first type is non‐differential misclassification, in which the proportion of subjects misclassified is invariant over exposure and disease status. Building on work by Cox and Elwood and by Blettner and Wahrendorf, we find that the range
A M, Walker, S F, Lanes
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Macroeconomic Dynamics, 2002
If one drops the strong assumption that firms and households know all of the relevant parameters, and instead models agents as learning these parameters, the estimated parameters become random variables. Taking expectations several periods into the future may then involve taking the expectation of a product of random variables.
Moore, Bartholomew, Schaller, Huntley
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If one drops the strong assumption that firms and households know all of the relevant parameters, and instead models agents as learning these parameters, the estimated parameters become random variables. Taking expectations several periods into the future may then involve taking the expectation of a product of random variables.
Moore, Bartholomew, Schaller, Huntley
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Nature, 1970
THIS is a preliminary communication describing applications to genetical selection of a new mathematical treatment of selection in general.
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THIS is a preliminary communication describing applications to genetical selection of a new mathematical treatment of selection in general.
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Covariance and Pseudo-Covariance of Complex Uncertain Variables
Journal of Intelligent & Fuzzy Systems, 2019Covariance is a measure to characterize the joint variability of two complex uncertain variables. Since, calculating covariance is not easy based on uncertain measure, we present two formulas for covariance and pseudo covariance of complex uncertain variables.
Rong Gao 0003 +2 more
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Covariates and Covariance Analyses
2012A confounding variable is the bane of every clinician’s and researcher’s existence. A confounding variable is anything that can affect (or effect) an outcome measure, principally performance on neuropsychological testing, and is not of primary relevance in clinical practice or experimentation.
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ON THE COVARIANCE OF THE PERIODOGRAM
Journal of Time Series Analysis, 1982Abstract. The paper discusses the covariance of the periodogram from a zero mean fourth order stationary stochastic process. The fourth order cumulant term appearing in the covariance is shown to be a convolution between the fourth order cumulant spectrum and a bounded approximate identity, and this gives precise results about its asymptotic behaviour.
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Journal of Theoretical Biology, 1981
Abstract Price's (1970) covariance theorem can be used to derive an expression for gene frequency change in kin selection models in which the fitness effect of an act is independent of the genotype of the recipient. This expression defines a coefficient of relatedness which subsumes r (Wright, 1922) , b (Hamilton, 1972) , ρ (Orlove & Wood, 1978)
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Abstract Price's (1970) covariance theorem can be used to derive an expression for gene frequency change in kin selection models in which the fitness effect of an act is independent of the genotype of the recipient. This expression defines a coefficient of relatedness which subsumes r (Wright, 1922) , b (Hamilton, 1972) , ρ (Orlove & Wood, 1978)
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International Journal of Geometric Methods in Modern Physics, 2007
Different notions of mechanical energy and conservation laws are considered and discussed from the viewpoint of transformation laws with respect to changes of reference. Here, in particular, we shall consider and investigate the behavior of suitable conservation laws in non-inertial frames.
CARINI, Manuela +2 more
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Different notions of mechanical energy and conservation laws are considered and discussed from the viewpoint of transformation laws with respect to changes of reference. Here, in particular, we shall consider and investigate the behavior of suitable conservation laws in non-inertial frames.
CARINI, Manuela +2 more
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ACM SIGPLAN Notices, 1994
Covariant specification is the process in a subclass to narrow the varying scope of an instance variable, or the varying scope of the input or output interface of an operation which has already been specified in the superclass. Covariant specification has been considered problematic and many object-oriented languages have restrictions on it.
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Covariant specification is the process in a subclass to narrow the varying scope of an instance variable, or the varying scope of the input or output interface of an operation which has already been specified in the superclass. Covariant specification has been considered problematic and many object-oriented languages have restrictions on it.
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