Results 21 to 30 of about 437,756 (218)

Measuring Resilience in Smart Infrastructures: A Comprehensive Review of Metrics and Methods

Applied Sciences, 2023
In today’s world, the safety, economic prosperity, and social well-being of nations depend heavily on highly interconnected critical infrastructures.
Abdulaziz Almaleh
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Power system resilience assessment considering critical infrastructure resilience approaches and government policymaker criteria

IET Generation, Transmission & Distribution, 2021
The electric power system is one of the most important critical infrastructures of a country. Recently, the number of natural and man‐made disasters is increased, which can impose extensive damages and costs to the power system.
Habibollah Raoufi, Vahid Vahidinasab
doaj   +1 more source

Adaptive immunity shapes baseline physiology of M. tuberculosis in high-dose versus low-dose infection BALB/c mouse drug treatment models

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
Preclinical tuberculosis (TB) drug evaluation relies heavily on mouse infection models. Drug efficacy varies depending on inoculum and the timing of treatment initiation.
Jo Hendrix, Reem Al Mubarak, Karen Rossmassler, Holly Nielsen, Elizabeth Wynn, Camile Moore, Isabelle L. Jones, Martin I. Voskuil, Brendan K. Podell, Gregory T. Robertson, Chuangqi Wang, Nicholas D. Walter   +11 more
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Objective functions used as performance metrics for hydrological models: state-of-the-art and critical analysis

RBRH, 2020
Hydrological models (HMs) can be applied for different purposes, and a key step is model calibration using objective functions (OF) to quantify the agreement between observed and calculated discharges.
Paloma Mara de Lima Ferreira, Adriano Rolim da Paz, Juan Martín Bravo   +2 more
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Evaluation of Power Systems Resilience to Extreme Weather Events: A Review of Methods and Assumptions

IEEE Access, 2023
The requirement for a sustained supply of electricity intensifies during and in the aftermath of extreme events. In the past, events were considered extreme based on their extensive and devasting impacts and also because they were rare.
Francis Mujjuni, Thomas R. Betts, Richard E. Blanchard   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Innovation Metrics: A Critical Review

Economies
Innovations are complex phenomena with important impacts on firms, regions, the economy as a whole, society, and the environment. Measuring innovation is a challenging and time-consuming task with many problems ranging from the conceptual framework to ...
Lyubomir Todorov, Margarita Shopova, Iskra Marinova Panteleeva, Lyubomira Todorova   +3 more
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Solar Performance Metrics in Urban Planning: A Review and Taxonomy

Buildings, 2022
Metrics are instrumental in design assessments. Solar performance metrics help designers to evaluate solar access in cities. Metrics should be used early in the urban planning stages in order to enable sustainable urban development with greater access to
Agnieszka Czachura, Jouri Kanters, Niko Gentile, Maria Wall   +3 more
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Class Cohesion Metrics for Software Engineering: A Critical Review [PDF]

Computer Science Journal of Moldova, 2017
Class cohesion or degree of the relations of class members is considered as one of the crucial quality criteria. A class with a high cohesion improves understandability, maintainability and reusability.
Habib Izadkhah, Maryam Hooshyar
doaj  

ABOVEGROUND BIOMASS ESTIMATION USING RECONSTRUCTED FEATURE OF AIRBORNE DISCRETE-RETURN LIDAR BY AUTO-ENCODER NEURAL NETWORK [PDF]

The International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, 2018
Aboveground biomass (AGB) estimation is critical for quantifying carbon stocks and essential for evaluating carbon cycle. In recent years, airborne LiDAR shows its great ability for highly-precision AGB estimation.
T. Li, Z. Wang, J. Peng
doaj   +1 more source

Heat vulnerability assessment: A systematic review of critical metrics

Hygiene and Environmental Health Advances
Research on heat vulnerability provides a scientific foundation for identifying heatwave-sensitive areas and vulnerable populations, thereby enabling targeted climate adaptation.
Yuchen Qian, Tiedong Liu
doaj   +1 more source