'Here, Dollars, Dollars...' - Estimating Currency Demand and Worldwide Currency Substitution [PDF]
In measuring the percentage of foreign-held U.S., German, and Swiss currencies for the period of the 1960s through the 1990s, I obtain estimates much different from those of others. Using currency demand equations implied by cointegrating vectors for Canada, the Netherlands, and Austria, I estimate that in 1996 only 30% of U.S.
openaire +2 more sources
Cryptochrome and PAS/LOV proteins play intricate roles in circadian clocks where they act as both sensors and mediators of protein–protein interactions. Their ubiquitous presence in signaling networks has positioned them as targets for small‐molecule therapeutics. This review provides a structural introduction to these protein families.
Eric D. Brinckman +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Quality of Institutions and Import Substitution of Capital: Cross-country Research on the Corporate Bond Markets [PDF]
We have analyzed the institutional determinants of local currency (LCY) corporate bond markets development during the period of 2010–2016 on a cross–country sample.
Teplova Tamara V. +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Cell wall target fragment discovery using a low‐cost, minimal fragment library
LoCoFrag100 is a fragment library made up of 100 different compounds. Similarity between the fragments is minimized and 10 different fragments are mixed into a single cocktail, which is soaked to protein crystals. These crystals are analysed by X‐ray crystallography, revealing the binding modes of the bound fragment ligands.
Kaizhou Yan +5 more
wiley +1 more source
Assessing the demand for foreign currency through a value storage lens
This document analyzes the demand for dollars in Bolivia, emphasizing how individuals turn to foreign currencies as a refuge during periods of economic instability and devaluation expectations.
Ivan Jesus Romero Mamani
doaj +1 more source
Structural biology of ferritin nanocages
Ferritin is a conserved iron‐storage protein that sequesters iron as a ferric mineral core within a nanocage, protecting cells from oxidative damage and maintaining iron homeostasis. This review discusses ferritin biology, structure, and function, and highlights recent cryo‐EM studies revealing mechanisms of ferritinophagy, cellular iron uptake, and ...
Eloise Mastrangelo, Flavio Di Pisa
wiley +1 more source
An empirical study of the substitution of foreign for domestic savings in Brazil
This study aims to investigate the relations between the level of the real exchange rate, foreign savings and domestic savings in Brazil. The appreciation of the domestic currency caused by financing the current account deficit reduces the expected ...
Luiz Carlos Bresser-Pereira +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Mechanisms of IgE‐mediated food allergy and the role of allergen‐specific B cells
Food allergy arises when allergen‐specific B cells preferentially produce immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies against harmless foods. This article explains the mechanisms driving IgE‐mediated reactions, highlights the central role of these B cells, and discusses how natural tolerance (NT) and oral immunotherapy (OIT) can reshape allergic immune responses.
Juan‐Felipe López +2 more
wiley +1 more source
The Dynamics of Currency Substitution, Asset Substitution and De facto Dollarization and Euroization in Transition Countrieses [PDF]
This paper presents new evidence on the dynamics of dollarization and euroization for twenty-five transition countries. Estimates of the amount of foreign currency in circulation (FCC) in transition countries are used to develop a new comprehensive ...
Edgar L. Feige
core
Money Demand Stability under Currency Substitution: Some Recent Evidence [PDF]
This study deals with the issue of independent monetary policy and the stability of the domestic money demand function in the presence of currency substitution and capital mobility in five Asian economies.
Chaisrisawatsuk, Santi +2 more
core +1 more source

