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Historical origins of deinstitutionalization

New Directions for Mental Health Services, 1983
AbstractContrary to popular belief, the foundation for the attack on the legitimacy of mental hospitals was laid in the decades between 1890 and 1940; what occurred in the 1950s and after was a direct outgrowth of earlier developments.
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Deinstitutionalization in Two Cultures

The Milbank Memorial Fund Quarterly. Health and Society, 1979
American and British reformers may act as if reducing the number of beds alone reduces human distress or the incidence and prevalence of psychiatric illness. Deinstitutionalization requires a recognition of changed relationships between patients and staff, and between patients and families.
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Deinstitutionalization and public policy

Social Science & Medicine, 1985
Deinstitutionalization, originally hailed as a major advance in public policy towards mental illness, has recently become increasingly controversial. This paper reviews the implementation of this policy in the United States, providing a critical examination of some of the central issues and problems that are the focus of current debates.
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The influence of law on deinstitutionalization

New Directions for Mental Health Services, 1983
AbstractAlthough seldom examined fully in this context, changes in mental health law—such as the newer standards for civil commitment, the right to treatment, and the doctrine of the least restrictive environment—have accelerated the pace of deinstitutionalization.
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Deinstitutionalization reconsidered

International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 1982
M J, Mills, B D, Cummins
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