Results 41 to 50 of about 190,089 (145)

Demography-adjusted tests of neutrality based on genome-wide SNP data [PDF]

arXiv, 2013
Tests of the neutral evolution hypothesis are usually built on the standard null model which assumes that mutations are neutral and population size remains constant over time. However, it is unclear how such tests are affected if the last assumption is dropped.
arxiv  

Adapting chain referral methods to sample new migrants: Possibilities and limitations

Demographic Research, 2015
Background: Demographic research on migration requires representative samples of migrant populations. Yet recent immigrants, who are particularly informative about current migrant flows, are difficult to capture even in specialist surveys.
Lucinda Platt, Renee Luthra, Tom Frere-Smith   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

General collections demography model with multiple risks [PDF]

arXiv
This note presents an Agent-Based Model (ABM) with Monte Carlo sampling, designed to simulate the behaviour of a population of objects over time. The model incorporates damage functions with the risk parameters of the ABC framework to simulate adverse events. As a result, it combines continuous and probabilistic degradation. This hybrid approach allows
arxiv  

The impact of population demography and selection on the genetic architecture of complex traits [PDF]

arXiv, 2013
Population genetic studies have found evidence for dramatic population growth in recent human history. It is unclear how this recent population growth, combined with the effects of negative natural selection, has affected patterns of deleterious variation, as well as the number, frequencies, and effect sizes of mutations that contribute risk to complex
arxiv  

Characteristics of urban regions and all-cause mortality in working-age population: Effects of social environment and interactions with individual unemployment

Demographic Research, 2007
Using Finnish register data on individuals linked to information on urban regions, this study aimed to estimate the effects of some regional characteristics on all-cause mortality among working-age population in 1995-2001, and to find out whether these ...
Tapani Valkonen, Jenni Blomgren
doaj  

How big does a population need to be before demographers can ignore individual-level randomness in demographic events? [PDF]

arXiv
When studying a national-level population, demographers can safely ignore the effect of individual-level randomness on age-sex structure. When studying a single community, or group of communities, however, the potential importance of individual-level randomness is less clear.
arxiv  

Applications of Perron-Frobenius Theory to Population Dynamics [PDF]

arXiv, 2001
By the use of Perron-Frobenius theory, simple proofs are given of the Fundamental Theorem of Demography and of a theorem of Cushing and Yicang on the net reproductive rate occurring in matrix models of population dynamics. The latter result is further refined with some additional nonnegative matrix theory. When the fertility matrix is scaled by the net
arxiv  

Increasing excess mortality among non-married elderly people in developed countries

Demographic Research, 2004
This article analyses changes in marital status differences in mortality from approximately 1970 to 1995 among men and women aged 65-74 in ten developed countries (Belgium, Canada, Denmark, England and Wales, Finland, France, Japan, Netherlands, Norway ...
doaj  

Error-prone polymerase activity causes multinucleotide mutations in humans [PDF]

arXiv, 2013
About 2% of human genetic polymorphisms have been hypothesized to arise via multinucleotide mutations (MNMs), complex events that generate SNPs at multiple sites in a single generation. MNMs have the potential to accelerate the pace at which single genes evolve and to confound studies of demography and selection that assume all SNPs arise independently.
arxiv  

AgentBasedModeling.jl: a tool for stochastic simulation of structured population dynamics [PDF]

arXiv
Agent-based models capture heterogeneity among individuals in a population and are widely used in studies of multi-cellular systems, disease, epidemics and demography to name a few. However, existing frameworks consider discrete time-step simulation or assume that agents' states only change as a result of discrete events.
arxiv