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Estimation of Direct Causal Effects
Many common problems in epidemiologic and clinical research involve estimating the effect of an exposure on an outcome while blocking the exposure's effect on an intermediate variable. Effects of this kind are termed direct effects. Estimation of direct effects is typically the goal of research aimed at understanding mechanistic pathways by which an ...
Maya L, Petersen +2 more
openaire +3 more sources
ABSTRACT Objectives To identify predictors of chronic ITP (cITP) and to develop a model based on several machine learning (ML) methods to estimate the individual risk of chronicity at the timepoint of diagnosis. Methods We analyzed a longitudinal cohort of 944 children enrolled in the Intercontinental Cooperative immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) Study ...
Severin Kasser +6 more
wiley +1 more source
Citation: 'direct effect' in the IUPAC Compendium of Chemical Terminology, 3rd ed.; International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry; 2006. Online version 3.0.1, 2019. 10.1351/goldbook.D01768 • License: The IUPAC Gold Book is licensed under Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike CC BY-SA 4.0 International for individual terms. Requests for commercial
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ABSTRACT Introduction Neuroblastoma (NB) with central nervous system (CNS) metastases is rare at diagnosis, but occurs more often during relapse/progression. Patients with CNS metastases face a dismal prognosis, with no standardized curative treatment available.
Vicente Santa‐Maria Lopez +13 more
wiley +1 more source
Impact of surface phenomena on direct bulk flexoelectric effect in finite samples
In the framework of a continuum theory, it is shown that the direct flexoelectric response of a finite sample essentially depends on the surface polarization energy, even in the thermodynamic limit where the body size tends to infinity.
Tagantsev, A. K., Yurkov, A. S.
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ABSTRACT Background We describe clinical and biologic characteristics of neuroblastoma in older children, adolescents, and young adults (OCAYA); describe survival outcomes in the post‐immunotherapy era; and identify if there is an age cut‐off that best discriminates outcomes.
Rebecca J. Deyell +14 more
wiley +1 more source
The objective of this study was to verify which morphometric measures and ratios are more directly associated with the weight and body yields of rounded fish.
Rafael Vilhena Reis Neto +6 more
doaj +1 more source
ABSTRACT Background Despite their increased risk for functional impairment resulting from cancer and its treatments, few adolescents and young adults (AYAs) with a hematological malignancy receive the recommended or therapeutic dose of exercise per week during inpatient hospitalizations.
Jennifer A. Kelleher +8 more
wiley +1 more source
The Right to Paid Annual Leave: The Implications of Accession
The right to paid annual leave is a particularly important principle of EU social law that is regulated by the provisions of Article 7 of the Working Time Directive (WTD), where it enjoys a privileged status as the only non-derogable right. Significantly,
Željko Potočnjak +2 more
doaj +1 more source
A STUDY OF WORK SAFETY BEHAVIOR AT PT. AST INDONESIA SEMARANG [PDF]
The aim of this study is to analyse the effect of Safety Leadership, Safety Culture and Safety Training that influences the employee Safety Behavior at PT. AST Indonesia Semarang.
HERYANTO, Ari +2 more
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