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History of Doping and Doping Control
2009Although attempts to enhance athletic performance are probably much older, the word “doping” was first mentioned in 1889 in an English dictionary. It described originally a mixed remedy containing opium, which was used to “dope” horses. “Dope” was a spirit prepared from the residues of grapes, which Zulu warriors used as a “stimulant” at fights and ...
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Cannabis & Cannabinoid Research, 2023
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) classifies cannabis, all phytocannabinoids, and synthetics as doping, except for CBD. For agency, a method for doping substance must meet two criteria: performance enhancement (ergogenicity), health risk, or violation of the spirit of sports.
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The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) classifies cannabis, all phytocannabinoids, and synthetics as doping, except for CBD. For agency, a method for doping substance must meet two criteria: performance enhancement (ergogenicity), health risk, or violation of the spirit of sports.
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European Journal of Political Economy, 2002 This paper considers a strategic game in which two players, with unequal prospects of winning the game, decide simultaneously and secretly to use performance-enhancing drugs before they compete. In the mixed strategy equilibrium, the favorite player is more likely to take these drugs than is the underdog, yet, for some parameter values, he is less ...
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Journal of Vacuum Science and Technology, 1979
The MBE technique has made feasible the growth of periodic semiconductor structures composed of ultrathin layers with alternating p- and n-doping. This kind of superlattice, in contrast to familiar heterostructure systems, does not contain any interfaces, and, therefore, does not show the problems related to those. Doping superlattices, on the contrary,
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The MBE technique has made feasible the growth of periodic semiconductor structures composed of ultrathin layers with alternating p- and n-doping. This kind of superlattice, in contrast to familiar heterostructure systems, does not contain any interfaces, and, therefore, does not show the problems related to those. Doping superlattices, on the contrary,
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2009
Gene doping abuses the legitimate approach of gene therapy. While gene therapy aims to correct genetic disorders by introducing a foreign gene to replace an existing faulty one or by manipulating existing gene(s) to achieve a therapeutic benefit, gene doping employs the same concepts to bestow performance advantages on athletes over their competitors ...
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Gene doping abuses the legitimate approach of gene therapy. While gene therapy aims to correct genetic disorders by introducing a foreign gene to replace an existing faulty one or by manipulating existing gene(s) to achieve a therapeutic benefit, gene doping employs the same concepts to bestow performance advantages on athletes over their competitors ...
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Scientific American, 2008
The article surveys doping in professional sports, that is, taking banned drugs to improve one's performance. One of the most efficient drugs, recombinant erythropoietin (r-EPO), is described. The author uses game theory to describe why professional bicyclists and other elite athletes make the choice to dope, that is, use banned drugs.
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The article surveys doping in professional sports, that is, taking banned drugs to improve one's performance. One of the most efficient drugs, recombinant erythropoietin (r-EPO), is described. The author uses game theory to describe why professional bicyclists and other elite athletes make the choice to dope, that is, use banned drugs.
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Doping and Prevention of Doping
Clinical Journal of Sport Medicine, 1995H H, Hoppeler, M F, Kamber, P S, Melia
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Nature, 2008
The processes used to charge athletes with cheating are often based on flawed statistics and flawed logic, says Donald A. Berry.
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The processes used to charge athletes with cheating are often based on flawed statistics and flawed logic, says Donald A. Berry.
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Rare-Earth Doping in Nanostructured Inorganic Materials
Chemical Reviews, 2022Bingzhu Zheng +2 more
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