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The class of dual number meadows is introduced. By definition this class is a quasivariety. Dual number meadows contain a non-zero element the square of which is zero. These structures are non-involutive and coregular. Some properties of the equational theory of dual number meadows are discussed and an initial algebra specification is given for the ...
openaire +2 more sources
Smooth affine group schemes over the dual numbers [PDF]
We provide an equivalence between the category of affine, smooth group schemes over the ring of generalized dual numbers $k[I]$, and the category of extensions of the form $1 \to \text{Lie}(G, I) \to E \to G \to 1$ where G is an affine, smooth group ...
Matthieu ROMAGNY, Dajano Tossici
doaj +1 more source
Dual Number Matrices with Primitive and Irreducible Nonnegative Standard Parts [PDF]
In this paper, we extend the Perron-Frobenius theory to dual number matrices with primitive and irreducible nonnegative standard parts. One motivation of our research is to consider probabilities as well as perturbation, or error bounds, or variances, in the Markov chain process.
arxiv
Dual Quaternions and Dual Quaternion Vectors [PDF]
We introduce a total order and the absolute value function for dual numbers. The absolute value function of dual numbers are with dual number values, and have properties similar to the properties of the absolute value function of real numbers. We define the magnitude of a dual quaternion, as a dual number.
arxiv
Some properties and Vajda theorems of split dual Fibonacci and split dual Lucas octonions
In this paper, we introduce split dual Fibonacci and split dual Lucas octonions over the algebra $ \widetilde{\widetilde{O}}\left(a, b, c\right) $, where $ a, b $ and $ c $ are real numbers. We obtain Binet formulas for these octonions.
Ümit Tokeşer+2 more
doaj +1 more source
Simultaneous dual true random numbers generator
This paper details the design and implementation of a simultaneous dual true random numbers generator using only one laser and a digital signal processing system with a DE0 Nano FPGA.
Josue Aaron Lopez Leyva+1 more
doaj +1 more source
An Introduction to The Dual Symbolic 3-Plithogenic And 4-Plithogenic Numbers [PDF]
The objective of this paper is to use dual numbers with symbolic 3-plithogenic and 4-plithogenic numbers in one numerical system called dual symbolic 3-plithogenic/4-plithogenic numbers.
Khadija Ben Othman+2 more
doaj
Geometry of the line space associated to a given dual ruled surface
As a continuation to our results in [1], we study the dual ruled surface defined on the set of dual numbers. The idea of the dual part are defined similar to quaternion space. The dual part of this represents a ruled dual submanifold.
Rawya A. Hussein, Ali A. Ali
doaj +1 more source
In vivo IL‐10 produced by tissue‐resident tolDC is involved in maintaining/inducing tolerance. Depending on the agent used for ex vivo tolDC generation, cells acquire common features but prime T cells towards anergy, FOXP3+ Tregs, or Tr1 cells according to the levels of IL‐10 produced. Ex vivo‐induced tolDC were administered to patients to re‐establish/
Konstantina Morali+3 more
wiley +1 more source
We define linear programming problems involving trapezoidal fuzzy numbers (LPTra) as the way of linear programming problems involving interval numbers (LPIn).
Ladji Kané+5 more
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