Results 311 to 320 of about 5,384,327 (358)
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Annual Review of Phytopathology, 2009
It is accepted that most fungal avirulence genes encode virulence factors that are called effectors. Most fungal effectors are secreted, cysteine-rich proteins, and a role in virulence has been shown for a few of them, including Avr2 and Avr4 of Cladosporium fulvum, which inhibit plant cysteine proteases and protect chitin in fungal cell walls against
Stergiopoulos, I., de Wit, P.J.G.M.
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It is accepted that most fungal avirulence genes encode virulence factors that are called effectors. Most fungal effectors are secreted, cysteine-rich proteins, and a role in virulence has been shown for a few of them, including Avr2 and Avr4 of Cladosporium fulvum, which inhibit plant cysteine proteases and protect chitin in fungal cell walls against
Stergiopoulos, I., de Wit, P.J.G.M.
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Veterinary Immunology and Immunopathology, 2002
Antibodies are critical in protection against extracellular microbial pathogens. Although antibodies also play a role in transplant/tumor rejection and in autoimmune disease, this paper focuses on defense against bovine infections. Effector mechanisms of different bovine isotypes, subisotypes and allotypes are discussed.
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Antibodies are critical in protection against extracellular microbial pathogens. Although antibodies also play a role in transplant/tumor rejection and in autoimmune disease, this paper focuses on defense against bovine infections. Effector mechanisms of different bovine isotypes, subisotypes and allotypes are discussed.
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Current Opinion in Cell Biology, 1996
The search for proteins which interact with the active GTP-bound form of Ras in order to transmit signals for proliferation, differentiation and oncogenesis has been a long one. Now there are several strong candidates for Ras effectors that include protein kinases, lipid kinases and guanine nucleotide exchange factors. Structural information on how one
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The search for proteins which interact with the active GTP-bound form of Ras in order to transmit signals for proliferation, differentiation and oncogenesis has been a long one. Now there are several strong candidates for Ras effectors that include protein kinases, lipid kinases and guanine nucleotide exchange factors. Structural information on how one
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Towards population genomics of effector–effector target interactions
New Phytologist, 2010SummaryPathogen–plant host coevolutionary interactions exert strong natural selection on both organisms, specifically on the genes coding for effectors (pathogens), as well as on those coding for effector targets and R proteins (plant hosts). Natural selection leaves behind DNA sequence signatures on such genes and on linked genomic regions.
Ryohei, Terauchi, Kentaro, Yoshida
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DNA-Damaging Effectors: New Players in the Effector Arena
Trends in Plant Science, 2019In animal cells, nuclear DNA is the target of genotoxins produced by bacterial pathogens that cause genomic mutations eventually leading to apoptosis, senescence, and carcinogenic development. In response to the insult, the DNA damage response (DDR) is activated to ensure lesion repair.
Camborde, Laurent +3 more
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Signaling and effector pathways
Current Opinion in Rheumatology, 1999There is increasing evidence that distinct signaling and effector pathways in the rheumatoid synovium result in a cascade of pathophysiologic events. These interactions, which finally lead to progressive joint destruction, are different from all other joint diseases in numerous aspects.
U, Müller-Ladner, R E, Gay, S, Gay
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Nucleotide effectors of aspartase
Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications, 1968Abstract Nucleotide-sensitive preparations of aspartase have been obtained for the first time. With highly purified enzyme fractions, AMP or IMP displays kinetic effects characteristic of an allosteric activator. The kinetic curve shifts from cooperative to Michaelis-Menten, V max is unchanged, and K m decreases.
V R, Williams, R M, Scott
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2004
Publisher Summary The term “effector cell” best describes differentiated T cells with immediate TcR-triggered cytotoxicity or cytokine secretion, as detected in short-term assays, which are currently only feasible in vitro. Investigators agree that antigen recognition by naive CD8+ T cells does not result in either type of effector function (the IL-2
Pierre A, Henkart, Marta, Catalfamo
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Publisher Summary The term “effector cell” best describes differentiated T cells with immediate TcR-triggered cytotoxicity or cytokine secretion, as detected in short-term assays, which are currently only feasible in vitro. Investigators agree that antigen recognition by naive CD8+ T cells does not result in either type of effector function (the IL-2
Pierre A, Henkart, Marta, Catalfamo
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The Macrophage as an Effector Cell
New England Journal of Medicine, 1980IT has only been a decade since the "mononuclear phagocyte system" was defined, linking monoblasts, promonocytes, monocytes, and the structurally heterogeneous tissue macrophages.
C F, Nathan, H W, Murray, Z A, Cohn
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Effector lymphocytes in autoimmunity
Current Opinion in Immunology, 2001Autoimmune diseases result from complex interactions among different T- and B-lymphocyte subpopulations that target a rapidly growing number of autoantigens on different cell types. The etiology of most spontaneous autoimmune disorders, and both the kinetics and hierarchy of the underlying autoimmune responses are poorly understood.
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