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Comparison of Th-2 Cytokines and Associated Gene Expression in Peripheral Blood of Resistant and Susceptible Garole Sheep Infected With <i>Haemonchus contortus</i>. [PDF]

J Parasitol Res
Hembram A, Das S, Pandit S, Baidya S, Nandi A, Mandal SC, Kesh SS, Polley S, Patra A, Mukherjee A, Jas R.   +10 more
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Egg rejection and egg recognition mechanism of chestnut thrushes (Turdus rubrocanus)

Behavioural Processes, 2020
Recognizing and rejecting foreign eggs is one of the most effective anti-parasite strategies for hosts in avian brood parasitism. Studies have shown that most cuckoo (Cuculus spp.) hosts have evolved egg recognition abilities. Although some open-nesting birds, especially thrushes belonging to the family Turdidae, are rarely parasitized by cuckoos, they
Tingting, Yi, Yue-Hua, Sun, Wei, Liang
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Sage Thrashers Reject Cowbird Eggs

The Condor, 1985
Actual and potential hosts of brood parasitism by Brownheaded Cowbirds (Molothrus ater) can be classified as either rejecters or accepters of cowbird eggs (Rothstein 1975, 1982a, b). Few North American species show intermediate responses (Rothstein 1982a).
Rich, Terrell, Rothstein, Stephen I.
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The Microflora of Liquid Whole Egg Made from Incubator Reject Eggs

Journal of Applied Bacteriology, 1973
S ummary . The microflora of liquid whole egg made by centrifuging incubator reject shell eggs was investigated by examining a selection of colonies growing on different selective culture media.
W A, Mulder, M C, van der Hulst
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Cryptic eggs are rejected less frequently by a cuckoo host

Animal Cognition, 2021
Obligate brood parasitism is associated with huge reproduction costs, forcing hosts to evolve various anti-parasitic strategies against brood parasites, among which egg recognition and rejection is the most effective defense strategy. According to the crypsis hypothesis, non-mimetic yet cryptic eggs in a nest can also deceive their hosts and eventually
Longwu Wang, Gangbin He, Yuhan Zhang, Jianhua Ma, Wei Liang   +4 more
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Rejection of parasitic eggs in relation to egg appearance in magpies

Animal Behaviour, 2004
The coevolutionary process between avian brood parasites and their hosts predicts that low intraclutch variation in egg colour appearance favours egg discrimination of parasite eggs by hosts. Low intraclutch variation would also result in high interclutch variation, which would increase the difficulty of evolution of mimicry by the cuckoo, because many
Jesus M. Avilés, Juan J. Soler, Manuel Soler, Anders P. Møller   +3 more
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Some further studies on incubator reject eggs

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1976
AbstractIndividual incubated and unincubated unfertilised eggs and 18‐day incubator reject eggs have been measured by an improved assay for β‐hydroxybutyric acid. Concentrations below 0.2 mg/100 g egg were found consistently for unfertilised eggs whether they had been incubated or not; 18‐day incubator rejects included eggs with concentrations of β ...
Robert K. Heaney, R. Frank Curtis
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Egg Characteristics Affecting Egg Rejection

2017
We have reviewed the most important results relating to particular egg characteristics responsible for recognition and subsequent rejection by hosts of brood parasites. Hosts remove a foreign egg after determining that it differs in one or more parameters.
Marcel Honza, Michael I. Cherry
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The role of egg-nest contrast in the rejection of brood parasitic eggs

Journal of Experimental Biology, 2015
AbstractHosts of avian brood parasites can avoid the reproductive costs of raising genetically unrelated offspring by rejecting parasitic eggs. The perceptual cues and controls mediating parasitic egg discrimination and ejection are well studied: hosts are thought to use differences in egg color, brightness, maculation, size, and shape to discriminate ...
Zachary, Aidala, Rebecca, Croston, Jessica, Schwartz, Lainga, Tong, Mark E, Hauber   +4 more
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Occurrence of β‐hydroxybutyric acid in incubator reject eggs

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 1975
AbstractA simplified method for extraction of β‐hydroxybutyric acid from whole egg prepared from incubator reject eggs is described. It is concluded that the presence of 15.95 ± 8.54 mg of β‐hydroxybutyric acid per 100 g of liquid whole egg would strongly indicate that the egg had been prepared from incubator reject eggs.
D S, Robinson, E M, Barnes, J, Taylor
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