This study introduces a hybrid robot that integrates mechanical assistance by musculoskeletons (i.e., soft pneumatic muscle with rigid exoskeletal extensions), neuromuscular electrical stimulation, and vibrotactile feedback in a lightweight wearable mechatronic complex applicable to the paretic ankle–foot poststroke for gait restoration. The system can
Fuqiang Ye +16 more
wiley +1 more source
The Influence of Skin Parameters and Body Composition on the Tolerance of Pain Stimulus Generated During Electrical Muscle Stimulation (EMS) in Women - Pilot Study. [PDF]
Lebiedowska A +5 more
europepmc +1 more source
Electrically Elicited Force Response Characteristics of Forearm Extensor Muscles for Electrical Muscle Stimulation-Based Haptic Rendering. [PDF]
Lee J, Kim Y, Jung H.
europepmc +1 more source
Liquid Metal Sensors for Soft Robots
This review thoroughly reviews liquid metal sensors in soft robots. Their unique material properties like high conductivity and good biocompatibility are analyzed. Working principles are classified, and applications in environmental perception, motion detection, and human—robot interaction are introduced.
Qi Zhang +7 more
wiley +1 more source
Early rehabilitation with dedicated use of belt-type electrical muscle stimulation for severe COVID-19 patients. [PDF]
Nakamura K +4 more
europepmc +1 more source
Biohybrid Actuators in Compact Arrangement with Embedded X Electrode
Selective control of multimuscle biohybrid actuators is crucial for achieving complex movements of biohybrid robots. In this study, embedded X electrodes are fabricated to selectively control multiple muscles, realizing the robotic finger's bidirectional movements.
Tingyu Li, Minghao Nie, Shoji Takeuchi
wiley +1 more source
Multi‐Material Additive Manufacturing of Soft Robotic Systems: A Comprehensive Review
This review explores the transformative role of multi‐material additive manufacturing (MMAM) in the development of soft robotic systems. It presents current techniques, materials, and design strategies that enable functionally graded and adaptive structures.
Ritik Raj +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Effects of acute phase intensive electrical muscle stimulation in COVID-19 patients requiring invasive mechanical ventilation: an observational case-control study. [PDF]
Tsuchikawa Y +13 more
europepmc +1 more source
Hard‐Magnetic Soft Millirobots in Underactuated Systems
This review provides a comprehensive overview of hard‐magnetic soft millirobots in underactuated systems. It examines key advances in structural design, physics‐informed modeling, and control strategies, while highlighting the interplay among these domains.
Qiong Wang +4 more
wiley +1 more source
A flexible liquid‐crystalline electrolyte membrane via in situ photopolymerization of a phosphate‐functionalized mesogen, ionic liquid, and diacrylate monomer is developed. The resulting smectic B (SmB)‐phase structure enables 2D ion transport with high conductivity (10−4 S cm−1).
Chengyang Liu, Masafumi Yoshio
wiley +1 more source

