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Assurance of the electron beam positioning accuracy at electron beam welding
2014 23rd International Conference on Robotics in Alpe-Adria-Danube Region (RAAD), 2014The control algorithm of a manipulator output member positioning process is given in the paper for path following based on the developed mathematical model of accounting the kinematic and dynamical characteristics of manipulators included into an automatic electron beam production complex (AEBPC).
Yu. V. Turygin +2 more
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Control of a Beam of Electrons by an Intersecting Electron Beam
Nature, 1949IF an electron is sent across a beam of electrons the chance is very small that it will pass a single electron of the beam so closely as to cause any deflexion of consequence from its original path. In a beam that has a current-density of 100 mA./cm.2 and a velocity of 100 electron-volts, the electron density is such that it contains 109 electrons per ...
J. L. H. JONKER +1 more
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Electron-electron interaction in ballistic electron beams
Physical Review B, 1995The transport of ballistic electrons emitted and detected by adjacent point contacts in a two-dimensional electron gas (2DEG) in the system GaAs/${\mathrm{Al}}_{\mathit{x}}$${\mathrm{Ga}}_{1\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathit{x}}$As was measured at 1.2 K as a function of the emitter current.
, Müller +6 more
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Electron Cooling with an Ultracold Electron Beam
Physical Review Letters, 1994The efficiency of electron cooling can be improved by adiabatically expanding the electron beam in a decreasing magnetic field, thereby lowering the transverse electron temperature. An electron beam expanded by a factor of 10 has been implemented at the CRYRING electron cooler, decreasing the transverse electron temperature from 100 to 10 meV. This has
, Danared +12 more
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1984
When a plastic ruler is placed near some very tiny pieces of paper, it will not have any effect on them. However, if the ruler is rubbed with a duster, it is found that the pieces of paper are attracted to the ruler. This difference in behaviour is explained by saying that the ruler has become electrically charged when rubbed with the duster.
H. J. P. Keighley +3 more
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When a plastic ruler is placed near some very tiny pieces of paper, it will not have any effect on them. However, if the ruler is rubbed with a duster, it is found that the pieces of paper are attracted to the ruler. This difference in behaviour is explained by saying that the ruler has become electrically charged when rubbed with the duster.
H. J. P. Keighley +3 more
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The production of secondary electrons in an electron beam
Medical Physics, 1987Convenient methods for calculating the ratio of restricted to unrestricted collision stopping power in water over a wide range of initial and cutoff energies, the rate of production of secondary electrons, and the primary electron dose distribution in an electron beam, are presented.
B L, Werner, I J, Das, F M, Khan
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Radiology, 1978
Good portal films can be obtained if the film is left in position throughout the daily fraction. Such films can delineate the outlines of the treatment field as well as the internal structures, making them valuable for future reference.
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Good portal films can be obtained if the film is left in position throughout the daily fraction. Such films can delineate the outlines of the treatment field as well as the internal structures, making them valuable for future reference.
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Characterization of electron beams for modulated electron beam radiotherapy
Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Conference of the IEEE Engineering in Medicine and Biology Society (Cat. No.00CH37143), 2002A set of clinical electron beams have been characterized in anticipation of their use in modulated electron radiotherapy (MERT). Using the EGS4/BEAM and DOSXYZ simulation codes, a Monte Carlo model of a Varian Clinac 2100C was generated for electron beams of nominal energies of 6, 9, 12, 16, and 20 MeV. Dose calculations using the Monte Carlo generated
M.C. Lee, A. Kapur, S.B. Jiang, C.-M. Ma
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Change of Electron Temperature in an Electron Beam
Journal of Applied Physics, 1953The effect of electron encounters on the velocity distribution in an electron beam after passage through an accelerating grid is calculated by direct integration of the Boltzmann equation. It is found, with electron densities and velocities typical of traveling wave tubes and diodes, that the electron encounters have a negligible effect, that the ...
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1991
Electron beam radiation is a very important treatment modality in dermatologic radiotherapy. The physical characteristics of electron radiation are well suited for treatment of superficial lesions, since the depth of penetration of the radiation can be precisely controlled, with little exposure of deeper tissues. Additionally, compared with superficial
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Electron beam radiation is a very important treatment modality in dermatologic radiotherapy. The physical characteristics of electron radiation are well suited for treatment of superficial lesions, since the depth of penetration of the radiation can be precisely controlled, with little exposure of deeper tissues. Additionally, compared with superficial
openaire +1 more source