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The Saint Petersburg Paradox and Its Solution
This article describes the main historical facts concerning the Saint Petersburg paradox, the most important solutions proposed thus far, and the results of new experimental evidence and a simulation of the game that shed light on a solution for this ...
Claudio Mattalia
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Design and analysis strategies for robust microbiome ageing research
The gut microbiome changes with age and associates with age‐related morbidity and mortality, establishing it as a potential biomarker and intervention target for ageing. Realising this potential requires methodological rigour, yet distinguishing biological signals from methodological artefacts remains challenging across cohorts. This review provides an
Mark Olenik +5 more
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Reconstructing enzyme evolution by protein engineering
Natural enzyme evolution can be retraced by protein engineering methods such as directed evolution, rational design, and ancestral sequence reconstruction. These approaches reveal how enzymes emerged from ligand‐binding scaffolds, developed varying substrate preferences, formed oligomeric complexes, adapted to environmental changes, and evolved novel ...
Lukas Drexler +2 more
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A Portfolio Choice Problem in the Framework of Expected Utility Operators
Possibilistic risk theory starts from the hypothesis that risk is modeled by fuzzy numbers. In particular, in a possibilistic portfolio choice problem, the return of a risky asset will be a fuzzy number.
Irina Georgescu, Louis Aimé Fono
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Structure‐forward targeting of claudins with synthetic binders
Claudins form the paracellular barriers between epithelial and endothelial tissues at tight junctions and are targets for molecular binders with the goal of modulating barrier permeability. Claudin‐binding molecules are relevant in drug delivery or in altering claudin interactions with disease‐causing proteins.
Alex J. Vecchio
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Deploying projected utility to predict health behaviour in health economics: a quantitative study
Expected utility is increasingly deployed as a predictor of health behaviour within the broader domain of health economics and health sciences in general. However, research shows that this concept only explains limited variance in health behaviour.
Damien S. E. Broekharst +4 more
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Peripheral lysosomes recruit PLEKHG3 to focal adhesions and restrain protrusion dynamics
Proximity‐dependent labeling at the LAMTOR complex revealed the Rho GEF PLEKHG3 as a lysosome‐proximal protein directing the study toward the influence of lysosome positioning on actin dynamics and cell motility. We show that PLEKHG3 colocalizes with lysosomes at focal adhesion sites and observe that forced peripheral dispersion of lysosomes hinders ...
Rainer Ettelt +8 more
wiley +1 more source
Choking or Delivering Under Pressure? The Case of Elimination Games in NBA Playoffs
Neoclassical economic theories foretell that individuals exert the most effort, and consequently produce their best performances, when the net returns to effort are highest.
Elia Morgulev, Yair Galily
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Engineering peptides into antibodies—opportunities and strategies for therapeutic innovation
Peptides and antibodies occupy complementary therapeutic niches. Peptides recognize difficult targets in a compact format, while antibodies add specificity, long half‐life, and effector functions. This review examines strategies that merge both modalities—peptide grafting into loops, terminal and Fc fusions, and bioconjugation—highlighting how ...
Jinling Wang +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Liver organoids: modelling complexity in homeostasis and disease
Studying liver in vitro has been challenging because simple 2D cell cultures fail to capture liver's cellular and architectural complexity. To bridge this gap, scientists increasingly use organoids, 3D liver models which better mimic liver composition and function. This review examines recent advances in liver organoid complexity and realism, discusses
Anna M. Dowbaj, Meritxell Huch
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