Results 71 to 80 of about 8,571 (229)

Macrophages: Subtypes, Distribution, Polarization, Immunomodulatory Functions, and Therapeutics

MedComm, Volume 6, Issue 8, August 2025.
Macrophages originate from the yolk sac, fetal liver, and bone marrow, differentiating into two main subtypes: M1‐like (proinflammatory) and M2‐like (anti‐inflammatory). These subtypes exhibit high plasticity, allowing them to transform in response to environmental cues or therapeutic interventions.
Mengyuan Peng, Niannian Li, Hongbo Wang, Yaxu Li, Hui Liu, Yanhua Luo, Bao Lang, Weihang Zhang, Shilong Li, Liujun Tian, Bin Liu   +10 more
wiley   +1 more source

Embryogenesis in Myrmicine Ants Combines Features of Short Germ‐Band Development With a Progressive Mode of Segmentation

Journal of Experimental Zoology Part B: Molecular and Developmental Evolution, Volume 344, Issue 5, Page 284-302, July 2025.
Different insect species exhibit remarkable diversity in the developmental trajectories from fertilized eggs to hatching larvae. For three myrmicine ant species, we observe a novel combination of a developmental features: small embryonic primordia, a mode of embryogenesis termed short/intermediate germ‐band development, and progressive establishment of
Chi‐Chun Fang, Arjuna Rajakumar, Andrew Kenny, Ulrich G. Mueller, Ehab Abouheif, David Stein   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Abnormal photoreceptor outer segment development and early retinal degeneration in kif3a mutant zebrafish [PDF]

, 2016
Photoreceptors are highly specialized sensory neurons that possess a modified primary cilium called the outer segment. Photoreceptor outer segment formation and maintenance require highly active protein transport via a process known as intraflagellar ...
Akhtar, Alfinito, Avasthi, Bachmann-Gagescu, Baker, Beech, Brockerhoff, Cao, Deacon, Eblimit, Goetz, Huang, Insinna, Insinna, Insinna, Jiang, Jimeno, Jimeno, Kodani, Krock, Lopes, Louie, Makhankov, Marszalek, Marszalek, Muresan, Muresan, Nascimento, Nonaka, Pazour, Ryan, Scholey, Shu, Stearns, Sukumaran, Traverso, Trivedi, Tsujikawa, Tuma, Westerfield, Whitehead, Wolfrum, Yamazaki, Yang, Zhao   +44 more
core   +2 more sources

Dissecting the dynamics of signaling events in the BMP, WNT, and NODAL cascade during self-organized fate patterning in human gastruloids. [PDF]

, 2019
During gastrulation, the pluripotent epiblast self-organizes into the 3 germ layers-endoderm, mesoderm and ectoderm, which eventually form the entire embryo.
Chhabra, Sapna, Goh, Ryan, Kong, Xiangyu, Liu, Lizhong, Warmflash, Aryeh   +4 more
core   +1 more source

Morphometric‐Assisted Prediction of Developmental Toxicity Using Stem Cell‐Based Embryo Models in Microwells

Advanced Healthcare Materials, Volume 14, Issue 15, 10 June, 2025.
This proof‐of‐concept study involves high‐throughput teratogenicity screening of compounds using XEn/EpiCs, a 3D stem cell‐based embryo model, within microwells. The term ‘morphotoxicity’ is introduced to complement traditional cytotoxicity assays through automated feature extraction and machine‐learning‐assisted classification of morphologies.
Vinidhra Shankar, Athanasia Zoi Pappa, Clemens van Blitterswijk, Erik Vrij, Stefan Giselbrecht   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Modeling mammalian gastrulation with embryonic stem cells

, 2017
Understanding cell fate patterning and morphogenesis in the mammalian embryo remains a formidable challenge. Recently, in vivo models based on embryonic stem cells (ESCs) have emerged as complementary methods to quantitatively dissect the physical and ...
Amita, Arnold, Azioune, Bauwens, Bedzhov, Ben-Haim, Bernardo, Blin, Bolouri, Chambers, Coucouvanis, Dunn, Engler, Etoc, Farin, Gjorevski, Green, Gurdon, Harrison, Heemskerk, Heemskerk, Horii, Lee, Lei, Li, Lippmann, Loh, Meinhardt, Meinhardt, Mendjan, Migeotte, Müller, Nakamura, Nallet-Staub, Nemashkalo, Nemashkalo, Nowotschin, Pagliuca, Peerani, Perea-Gomez, Przybyla, Qin, Ranga, Rosowski, Saka, Sasai, Schohl, Shao, Shao, Simunovic, Sorre, Sun, Tang, ten Berge, Teo, Tewary, Théry, Turing, Turner, Turner, van den Brink, Warmflash, Wilson, Xu, Yang, Yu   +65 more
core   +1 more source

Signaling Centers Drive Brachyury Dynamics and Lineage Commitment in mESC Aggregates

FASEB BioAdvances, Volume 7, Issue 6, June 2025.
We used a mouse embryonic stem cell aggregate model to compare the use of Chiron and BMP4 signaling as pulses (applied to the whole aggregate) or signaling centers (applied to part of the aggregate). BMP4 as a pulse was shown to drive neural differentiation, with Chiron inhibiting this effect.
A. Rabeling, M. Goolam
wiley   +1 more source

Developmental potential of trunk neural crest cells in the mouse [PDF]

, 1994
The availability of naturally occurring and engineered mutations in mice which affect the neural crest makes the mouse embryo an important experimental system for studying neural crest cell differentiation.
Bronner-Fraser, Marianne, Fraser, Scott E., Serbedzija, George N.   +2 more
core  

NF2 is Essential for Human Endoderm Development

Advanced Science, Volume 12, Issue 17, May 8, 2025.
This study demonstrates that NF2, moesin‐ezrin‐radixin like (MERLIN) tumor suppressor (NF2) is essential for human endoderm formation. NF2 knockout human induced pluripotent stem cells fail to form endoderm both in vitro and in vivo due to yes‐associated protein 1 (YAP1) nuclear translocation, redirecting differentiation toward myofibroblast‐like cells.
Minjin Jeong, Dongjun Han, Preetida Bhetariya, D. Bradley Welling, Miodrag Stojkovic, Konstantina M. Stankovic   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Wnt Inhibition Safeguards Porcine Embryonic Stem Cells From the Acquisition of Extraembryonic Endoderm Cell Fates

Advanced Science, Volume 12, Issue 17, May 8, 2025.
The study reports that Wnt inhibitors safeguard porcine embryonic stem cells (ESCs) from acquiring the extraembryonic endoderm (XEN) lineage, and further develop an efficient strategy to derive XEN cells from ESCs. The XEN cells from ESCs exhibit similar transcriptome and chromatin accessibility features to XEN cells from embryos and contribute to ...
Hanning Wang, Liang Zhong, Zhuangfei Wang, Jinzhu Xiang, Duanqing Pei   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source