Predicting accuracy in eyewitness showups: confidence and response time in the laboratory, confidence in the field [PDF]
Cognitive ResearchPolice administer live showup procedures when a suspect is located shortly after a crime, yet most prior research has relied on static, image-based showups, where confidence is often a weaker predictor of accuracy than in lineup procedures.
Laura Mickes +5 more
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Cannabis intoxication does not impair eyewitness recall with the Sketch Cognitive Interview but increases confidence in lineup errors [PDF]
Scientific ReportsPrevious research has shown that cannabis intoxication may increase false memories, thereby affecting the validity of eyewitness testimony. Evidence-based investigative interview methods might counteract these cannabis-induced memory impairments. In this
Lilian Kloft-Heller +5 more
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Delays reduce culprit-presence detection but do not affect guessing-based selection in response to lineups [PDF]
Scientific ReportsPolice lineups are conducted with varying delays between the crime and the lineup. Crime-to-lineup delays may adversely affect the detection of the presence and absence of the culprit in the lineup and may potentially affect guessing-based selection.
Amelie Therre +5 more
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On the Continuum of Foundational Validity: Lessons from Eyewitness Science for Latent Fingerprint Examination [PDF]
Behavioral SciencesWhether forensic disciplines have established foundational validity—sufficient empirical evidence that a method reliably produces a predictable level of performance—has become a question of growing interest among scientists and legal professionals.
Adele Quigley-McBride, T. L. Blackall
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Using confidence, decision time, and confidence entropy to predict accuracy for online and real eyewitnesses [PDF]
Scientific ReportsIt is important to identify factors that police can use to distinguish accurate from inaccurate eyewitnesses (i.e., reflector variables). In this study, we examined three such variables known to reflect eyewitness accuracy: confidence, decision time, and
Adele Quigley-McBride +1 more
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Towards synthetic fillers for fair photo lineups: application of generative AI in criminal law proceedings [PDF]
Frontiers in Artificial IntelligenceA photo lineup is an identification procedure widely used in criminal investigations. It involves presenting a suspect embedded into a set of known-innocent candidates (fillers) to an eyewitness in order to identify the suspect.
A. Dörsch +3 more
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The benefits of eye-closure on eyewitness memory [PDF]
, 2011 Eyewitness memory is not perfect. However, recent research suggests that eyewitnesses remember more about a witnessed event if they close their eyes during the interview.
Vredeveldt, Annelies
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Social Metamemory Judgments in the Legal Context: Examining Judgments About the Memory of Others [PDF]
Behavioral SciencesJurors and other legal decision-makers are often required to make judgments about the likely memory accuracy of another person. Legal systems tend to presume that decision-makers are well-placed to make such judgments (at least in the majority of cases ...
Rebecca K. Helm, Yan Chen
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The effect of various focal length photographs on eyewitness identification accuracy [PDF]
Proceedings of the Estonian Academy of Sciences, 2021 A key factor that has rarely been investigated regarding the technical details of photographs in eyewitness identification research is focal length. Focal length can be defined as the distance between the camera lens and the camera sensor, providing ...
Kristjan Kask +2 more
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Photographic Eyewitness Identification and the Presumption of Innocence
Revista Brasileira de Direito Processual Penal, 2021 Eyewitness identification is an important criminal evidence for the justice system, however, innocent people can be identified for crimes that they did not commit.
Janaina Matida, William Weber Cecconello
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