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Growth of China's foreign exchange reserve

China Economic Journal, 2008
China's growing foreign exchange reserve is estimated to exceed $2 trillion by 2010. The purpose of its paper is to examine its impact on the balance sheet of the Chinese central bank, the money supply and the bond market. The paper will then move on to discuss its social welfare effect by comparing the estimated future return of the foreign exchange ...
Zhang Shuguang, Zhang Bin
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Central Banks’ Management of Foreign Exchange Reserves

Open Economies Review, 1998
This paper analyzes whether currency instability results from official reserves management, as central banks strive to minimize risk, keep a degree of liquidity degree, minimize risk, and a good return on their portfolio. In recent years the dollar share in official reserves increased, at the expense of the Deutsche mark and yen.
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Foreign Exchange Reserves Management – SAMA’s Experience

2017
SAMA is not a Sovereign Wealth Fund (SWF) but it shares some characteristics. Reserves adequacy is estimated using a customized formula which leads to a split into a conservative reserves portfolio and a more active investment portfolio using top-down asset allocation and combining in-house investment with wide use of external fund managers.
Ahmed Banafe, Rory Macleod
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Drivers of Dollar Share in Foreign Exchange Reserves

Staff Reports (Federal Reserve Bank of New York)
The share of U.S. dollar assets in the official foreign exchange reserve portfolios of central banks is sometimes taken as an indicator of dollar status. We show that the observed decline in the aggregate share of U.S. dollar assets does not stem from a systematic shift in currency preferences away from holding dollar assets.
Goldberg, Linda S., Hannaoui, Oliver
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Foreign exchange reserve adequacy and exogenous shocks

Applied Economics, 2015
ABSTRACTOne of the traditional benchmarks in international macroeconomics is that a country should maintain reserves that can cover at least 12 weeks of imports. The notion of reserve adequacy, however, is not static and is intimately associated with the occurrence of financial crises as well as exogenous shocks, with many observers using the reduction
Winston Moore, Adrian Glean
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Management of Canada’s Foreign Exchange Reserves

2020
Canada’s foreign exchange reserves are owned by the federal government, but jointly managed under a relatively unique framework that is based on a partnership between the government and the central bank. This partnership is supported by a well-defined governance structure that ensures that the reserve portfolio is appropriately structured to meet its ...
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Decomposing exchange rate risk of Chinese foreign exchange reserves

2008 International Conference on Management Science and Engineering 15th Annual Conference Proceedings, 2008
Exchange rate risk is one of the most important risks that Chinese government must face when dealing with foreign exchange reserves (also called Forex reserves). In order to meet the requirement of Forex reserves management, Forex reserves decomposition is required because it can offer the way each asset and its marginal change influence the whole ...
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Essays on Foreign Exchange Reserve Accumulation

2017
I study the effect of foreign exchange reserve accumulation on domestic financial markets. Central banks sterilize reserve purchases through sales and issuance of domestic debts. Therefore, reserves are funded by central banks' domestic borrowing. Public borrowing affects credit allocation in domestic financial markets.
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How to Manage China's Foreign Exchange Reserves?

SSRN Electronic Journal, 2007
Financial crisis is not a new term to the world and has been through the financial globalization in the past decades. Many developing countries choose to stockpile a large amount of foreign exchange reserves to protect their economy from external shocks.
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Revised Guidelines for Foreign Exchange Reserve Management

Policy Papers, 2013
The 2013 revision of the Guidelines was carried out by the IMF staff, supported by a small Working Group of central banks and monetary authorities from China, India, Israel, Italy, Mexico, Japan, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Switzerland, the European Central Bank, and the Bank for International Settlements, and The World Bank acting as reviewer in the process.
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