Results 41 to 50 of about 5,404 (261)
The adequacy determinants of foreign exchange reserves in the Saudi economy: an empirical study
Cogent Economics & FinanceThis study examines the determinants and adequacy of Saudi Arabia’s foreign exchange reserves (FER) over the period 2000–2024. Using an autoregressive distributed lag (ARDL) approach, the analysis identifies key macroeconomic drivers of reserve ...
Mohamed Djafar Henni +2 more
doaj +1 more source
Lymphoid‐Tissue‐on‐Chip Recapitulates Human Antibody Responses In Vitro
Advanced Science, EarlyView.The presented lymphoid‐tissue‐on‐chip system allows culture of primary human tonsil cells at organotypic high density under perfusion for up to 4 weeks, emulates immune response to soluble vaccines and vaccination via peripheral antigen‐presenting cells and represents a useful tool to assess cellular interactions during homeostasis, immune responses ...
Claudia Teufel +15 more
wiley +1 more source
World Review of Political Economy, 2023 This article provides an analysis of the economic cost incurred by the world through the use of the fiat international reserve currency since the end of the 1971 gold standard system.
Omar Osman
doaj +1 more source
Engineering Microbial Particles for Next‐Generation Biomedical Platforms
Advanced Science, EarlyView.Microbe‐derived particles (MDPs), which include extracellular vesicles, outer membrane vesicles, inclusion bodies, polysaccharide particles, and virus‐like particles, represent a rapidly expanding category of bioinspired nanomaterials. With their natural origin, intrinsic biocompatibility, and highly programmable functionality, MDPs serve as a ...
Yuting Li +7 more
wiley +1 more source
Organoid Brain‐Machine‐Interface Devices for Central Nervous System Repair
Advanced Science, EarlyView.We envision organoid brain‐machine‐interface (Organoid‐BMI) devices as new biohybrid bidirectional communication pathways to connect the human CNS and the external world for personalized CNS repair and regeneration. ABSTRACT Central nervous system (CNS) repair and regeneration suffer from tremendous clinical challenges due to current limitations in ...
Yantao Xing +10 more
wiley +1 more source
The Cost of Holding Foreign Exchange Reserves [PDF]
, 2020 Recent studies that have emphasized that the costs of accumulating reserves for self-insurance purposes have overlooked two potentially important side effects. First, the impact of the resulting lower spreads on the service costs of the stock of sovereign debt, which could substantially reduce the marginal cost of holding reserves. Second, when reserve
Eduardo Levy-Yeyati +1 more
openaire +1 more source
Advanced Science, EarlyView.This study addresses the rapid renal clearance of anti‐HER2 nanobodies by developing specialized liposomal carriers. It details the formulation of dual modified liposomes, demonstrating how PEGylation preserves structural integrity and cell‐penetrating peptides enhance cellular interaction.
Giulia Pander +14 more
wiley +1 more source
The Official Use of International Currencies – Assessments and Implications
Studies in Business and Economics, 2015 The paper analyses the official use of international currencies as reserve currency (store of value) and anchor currency (unit of account). Examining the role as a reserve currency we note that the US dollar is the main reserve currency even if it ...
Orăștean Ramona
doaj +1 more source
Oligopeptides/DNA Coacervate Droplets as Macromolecular Delivery Microcarriers
Advanced Science, EarlyView.Oligopeptide–DNA coacervates formed via liquid–liquid phase separation serve as programmable carriers for macromolecular cargos, entering cells through lipid raft–associated pathways and subsequently undergoing enzyme triggered intracellular disassembly driven by DNA degradation processes, thereby enabling efficient, controlled, and spatially defined ...
Linyi Zhang +5 more
wiley +1 more source
When the guns roar: how the war, reserves and exports shape Ukraine’s cost of external borrowing
Public Sector EconomicsThis study examines factors shaping Ukraine’s cost of external borrowing amid the 2022 Russian invasion. It focuses on the impact of the intensity of military activities, the size of central bank reserve assets, and the volume of grain and oilseed ...
Sergii Sheludko
doaj +1 more source