Results 211 to 220 of about 15,779,296 (295)

The formalin test: A tonic pain model in the primate

Pain, 1984
The formalin test has been used in monkeys for assessing pain. After formalin injection in the palmar surface of the hand just proximal to the base of the fingers, the monkey's responses are rated for 1 h according to objective behavioral criteria.
M. Alreja, P. Mutalik, U. Nayar, S. Manchanda   +3 more
semanticscholar   +3 more sources

The intraperitoneal administration of MOTS-c produces antinociceptive and anti-inflammatory effects through the activation of AMPK pathway in the mouse formalin test.

European Journal of Pharmacology, 2020
The activation of the AMP activated protein kinase (AMPK) exerts antinociceptive effects in acute and neuropathic pain models. Mitochondrial open-reading-frame of the twelve S rRNA-c (MOTS-c), a mitochondrial-derived peptide, regulates many biological ...
Xinqiang Yin, Y. Jing, Quan Chen, A. Abbas, Jialiang Hu, Hanmei Xu   +5 more
semanticscholar   +1 more source

The orofacial formalin test

Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 2004
The subcutaneous injection of formalin into the rat upper lip generates behavioral responses that last several minutes. The time course of the response is similar to what is observed following formalin injection into the paw, i.e. biphasic, with an early and short-lasting first phase followed, after a quiescent period by a second, prolonged (tonic ...
Patrick, Raboisson, Radhouane, Dallel
openaire   +2 more sources

The formalin test: Effects of formalin concentration and short-term halothane inhalation

Regional Anesthesia and Pain Medicine, 2001
In order to evaluate the effects of formalin concentration and inhalational anesthetics in formalin tests, we injected 5 concentrations of formalin into awake and anesthetized rats and investigated their behavior and the c-fos immunoreactivity of their spinal cords.Sixty adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 10 experimental groups.
T, Fukuda, C, Nishimoto, Y, Shiga, H, Toyooka   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

The orofacial formalin test in rats: effects of different formalin concentrations

Pain, 1995
In this study of the orofacial formalin test in rats, the effects of different formalin concentrations (0.2%, 0.5%, 1.5%, 2.5%, 5% and 10%) on the behavioural nociceptive response (face rubbing) was investigated. The histological responses of the skin were also evaluated.
Pierre, Clavelou, Radhouane, Dallel, Thierry, Orliaguet, Alain, Woda, Patrick, Raboisson   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Dopamine receptor subtypes and formalin test analgesia

Pharmacology Biochemistry and Behavior, 1991
The role played by dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in formalin test analgesia was explored by challenging D-amphetamine- and morphine-induced analgesia with mixed and selective D1 and D2 antagonists, and by examining the relative analgesic activity of mixed and selective D1 and D2 agonists. The mixed D1/D2 dopamine antagonist cis-flupenthixol (0.5 mg/kg),
M J, Morgan, K B, Franklin
openaire   +2 more sources

Scoring the mouse formalin test: Validation study

European Journal of Pain, 1998
The formalin test is a well‐established model for assessing nociceptive processes and analgesic drug effects. Previous studies have provided statistical validation of optimal procedures for conducting and scoring the rat formalin test. In the mouse model, formalin concentration has been subjected to validation studies.
, Sufka, , Watson, , Nothdurft, , Mogil
openaire   +2 more sources

Improving the efficiency of the formalin test

Pain, 1999
A time-sampling method that allows up to eight rats to be tested simultaneously in the formalin test is described and compared to the continuous rating method. Time sampling the behavioural response to formalin every 1 or 2 min produces scores that are essentially identical to continuous rating for both the formalin concentration effect relationship ...
Frances V, Abbott, Rok, Ocvirk, Robert, Najafee, Keith B J, Franklin   +3 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Electroencephalographic responses to the formalin test in rats

Pain, 1999
The formalin test is an animal model of persistent pain. Although biphasic behavioral responses to formalin injection have been well described, the significance of the biphasic time course of the pain behaviors has not been established. To explore the significance of the behavioral responses to the formalin injection, we measured and analyzed cortical ...
F, Ichinose, M, Miyazaki, T, Goto, H, Takahashi, K, Terui, Y, Niimi, S, Uezono, S, Morita, H, Yanagida   +8 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Amitriptyline produces analgesia in the formalin pain test

Experimental Neurology, 1992
A dose of 20 mg/kg of amitriptyline reduced pain in the second phase of the formalin test, which is an animal model of long-lasting pain in humans. Since the analgesic effect was produced by a single dose, which is insufficient to produce an antidepressant effect, these results indicate that amitriptyline has analgesic properties that are independent ...
J, Acton, J E, McKenna, R, Melzack
openaire   +2 more sources