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Fungal phytotoxins as mediators of virulence
Current Opinion in Plant Biology, 2009Many phytopathogenic fungi exert their destructive effects by producing and secreting toxic low molecular weight compounds. In the past years a large number of novel fungal virulence factors and their modes of action have been identified. This review highlights effective phytotoxin-mediated strategies to distress, weaken or kill the plant host.
Nadine, Möbius, Christian, Hertweck
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Infection Process and Fungal Virulence Factors
, 2016The knowledge about the molecular mechanisms underlying Botrytis cinerea attack on susceptible hosts has expanded greatly in the last years. While many details are still missing, it is possible now to generate a higher resolution image of the molecular patterns that regulate pathogenic development of this broad host range necrotroph. Several decades of
C. González, N. Brito, A. Sharon
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Virulence factors in fungal pathogens of man
Current Opinion in Microbiology, 2016Human fungal pathogens are a commonly underestimated cause of severe diseases associated with high morbidity and mortality. Like other pathogens, their survival and growth in the host, as well as subsequent host damage, is thought to be mediated by virulence factors which set them apart from harmless microbes.
Sascha Brunke +3 more
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The glyoxylate cycle is required for fungal virulence
Nature, 2001Candida albicans, a normal component of the mammalian gastrointestinal flora, is responsible for most fungal infections in immunosuppressed patients. Candida is normally phagocytosed by macrophages and neutrophils, which secrete cytokines and induce hyphal development in this fungus.
M C, Lorenz, G R, Fink
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MAP kinase pathways as regulators of fungal virulence
Trends in Microbiology, 2007MAP kinases are dual phosphorylated protein kinases, present in eukaryotes, which mediate differentiation programs and immune responses in mammalian cells. In pathogenic fungi, MAP kinases are key elements that control adaptation to environmental stress.
Elvira, Román +4 more
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Protein PARylation: a novel regulator of fungal virulence
Trends in MicrobiologyProtein PARylation is a reversible post-translational modification; however, its role in fungal virulence has remained elusive. Recently, Gao et al. demonstrated that PARylation of two 14-3-3 regulatory proteins by poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase is essential for the virulence of rice blast fungus, highlighting the critical regulatory function of ...
Jiajing Wang, Yuqing Yan, Fengming Song
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Studying Fungal Virulence by Using Genomics
2014This chapter makes evident, genomics, in particular genomic microarrays, hold great promise for mycological research. To this end, the chapter covers the current state of fungal genome sequencing and the advantages of and obstacles to using this emerging data for genomic projects, the "pregenomic" methods used for finding in vivo-expressed genes and ...
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Virulence factors in fungal pathogens.
Microbiological sciences, 1990Fungal pathogens possess virulence factors that allow them to cause disease in humans and animals. Combinations of properties such as temperature tolerance, evasion of host defences, dimorphism, and enzymatic activities may serve as virulence mechanisms for fungi.
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NO: from plant immunity to fungal virulence factor
Trends in Plant ScienceTraditionally viewed as a plant defense molecule, nitric oxide (NO) has now been shown to play a key role in fungal pathogenesis. A recent study by Zhang et al. reveals that banana pathogenic isolates of Fusarium oxysporum coordinate NO production with host defense responses through an accessory mitochondrial pathway within its genome.
Stefania Vitale, David Turrà
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Genetic and Proteomic Analysis of Fungal Virulence
2014This chapter explores the genetic and proteomic approaches that are now feasible for many fungal systems. Post-genomic approaches to the analysis of biological function, networks, and processes often include techniques that permit global analysis of gene expression at the protein level.
Jennifer K. Lodge, Michael C. Lorenz
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