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Etiology of Gender Identity

Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics of North America, 2019
This article reviews the current literature characterizing potential factors associated with the etiologies of gender identity. The PubMed database was searched for all literature that assessed key elements affecting development of gender identity. Current models attribute gender identity etiology to endogenous biology along with prenatal androgen ...
Sira Korpaisarn, Joshua D. Safer
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Gender Identity Disorders

Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 1998
Because gender identity disorder (GID) in children is relatively uncommon, most child clinicians and researchers are likely to have had very little direct experience with it. In this chapter, I provide a selective overview of our knowledge about children with GID.
Susan J. Bradley, Kenneth J. Zucker
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Gender identity and creativity

Journal of Gay & Lesbian Mental Health, 2001
Abstract This paper is intended as a modest contribution to conceptualizing the construction of gender and sexual role identity as well as its role in creative activity. Whether we are considering homosexual or heterosexual object orientation, there is no evidence that a psychic representation of core gender identity is inborn.
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Gender Identities and Gender Dysphoria in the Netherlands

Archives of Sexual Behavior, 2013
Several studies estimate the prevalence of gender dysphoria among adults by examining the number of individuals turning to health services. Since individuals might be hesitant to seek medical care related to gender dysphoria, these studies could underestimate the prevalence.
Lisette, Kuyper, Ciel, Wijsen
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The evolution of gender identity

The American Journal of Psychoanalysis, 1968
1. Core gender identity is established by the age of three. 2. Other maturational levels of development follow until post-adolescent, mature gender identity is attained. 3. Disturbance in the earliest periods of development result in ambiguous gender identities that compose the group of transsexuals, transvestites, and ...
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Psychoanalytic Theories of Gender Identity

Journal of the American Academy of Psychoanalysis, 1983
Die Erkenntnis, das das psychosoziale Geschlecht (gender) nicht mit dem biologischen Geschlecht (sex) ubereinstimmt, geht auf Freud zuruck. Person und Ovesey diskutieren drei psychoanalytische Ansatze: Fur Freud ist Femininitat verhinderte Maskulinitat; Horney und Jones gehen von einer angeborenen heterosexuellen Geschlechtsidentitat aus; Stoller, der ...
E S, Person, L, Ovesey
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Gender, identity and CMC

Journal of Computer Assisted Learning, 1997
This paper re‐examines a number of recent discussions of computer‐mediated communication (CMC) in the light of debates concerning gender, identity and inequality. There have been many claims made by disparate groups and institutions, from educators and technologists, through to the advertising of communications companies, which have claimed that CMC ...
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Gender, identity, and bioethics

Hastings Center Report, 2016
AbstractTransgender people and issues have come to the forefront of public consciousness over the last year. Caitlyn Jenner' very public transition, heightened media coverage of the murders of transgender women of color, and the panicked passage of North Carolina's “bathroom bill” (House Bill 2), mean that conversations about transgender health and ...
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Gender Identity Without Gender Prescriptions

Symposium, 1998
The feminist philosopher Susan Bordo suggests that the dilemma of twentieth-century feminism is the tension between a gender identity that both mobilizes a liberatory politics on behalf of women and that results in gender prescriptions which excludes many women.
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Gender Identity

Abstract Gender Identity: What It Is and Why It Matters is the first book in philosophy focusing on gender identity and transgender rights. To be trans is to have a gender identity different from the gender you were assigned at birth. But what is it to have a gender identity?
Zhang Wenxin, Wang Meiping
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