The commercialization of labour markets: Evidence from wage inequality in the Middle Ages
The Economic History Review, EarlyView.Abstract This paper moves beyond the focus on ‘average’ wage trends in pre‐industrial economies by examining the broad diversity of pay rates and forms of remuneration across occupations and regions in medieval England. We find that whilst some workers enjoyed substantial growth in wage rates after the Black Death, there was a large group who ...
Jordan Claridge +2 more
wiley +1 more source
Dual-route H5N1 vaccination induces systemic and mucosal immunity in murine and bovine models. [PDF]
NPJ VaccinesWiggins J, Madapong A, Weaver EA.
europepmc +1 more source
The Economic History Review, EarlyView.Abstract In recent years economic inequality has become a major research topic in economic history. However, much remains to be done to complete our knowledge of long‐term distributive dynamics. This article highlights several promising avenues for future research, focusing on the preindustrial period.
Guido Alfani
wiley +1 more source
Intraspecific interactions in spring-staging geese reflect mate guarding and proximity to nesting dates. [PDF]
Sci RepPolakowski M, Jankowiak Ł, Fox AD.
europepmc +1 more source
Regional and local divergence in welfare provision in England and Wales, 1776–1815
The Economic History Review, EarlyView.Abstract This article uses the township‐level data on welfare expenditure and provision gathered by parish officers in England and Wales at three points between 1776 and 1815 to illuminate regional and local differences during the period. These data have been linked to geographic information system (GIS) mapping systems, facilitating the mapping of ...
John Broad
wiley +1 more source
Flyway population increase and emergence of new wintering grounds with climate change in an Arctic-breeding goose. [PDF]
Sci RepGyüre P, Lengyel S.
europepmc +1 more source
Ibis, EarlyView.Variation in the expression of white ornaments, such as flank spots or wing stripes, has previously been related to indices of individual quality in birds. We measured the white wing stripes of colour‐banded female common eiders Somateria mollissima in three islands in Iceland from 2014 to 2023, to determine whether the expression of these ornaments is
Jón Einar Jónsson +5 more
wiley +1 more source
Multidimensional mechanism of pulsed electric field synergized L-arginine upon goose meat tenderization: Based on molecular dynamics simulation and protein interaction network. [PDF]
Food Chem XMa R +7 more
europepmc +1 more source
Low breeding propensity in a declining Arctic‐breeding swan revealed by telemetry data
Ibis, EarlyView.Many migratory bird populations are declining in the face of habitat degradation and climate change, making it important to identify which stages of their annual cycle are most affected in order to guide conservation measures. The Bewick's Swan Cygnus columbianus bewickii, an Arctic‐breeding waterfowl species, has suffered a dramatic population decline
Tohar Tal +6 more
wiley +1 more source