Revisiting Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Inverters: A Duality Theory [PDF]
IEEE Transactions on Power Systems, 2022 Power electronic converters for integrating renewable energy resources into power systems can be divided into grid-forming and grid-following inverters. They possess certain similarities, but several important differences, which means that the relationship between them is quite subtle and sometimes obscure.
Yitong Li, Yunjie Gu, Timothy C Green
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Active Power Coordination for a Large Population of Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Inverters Based on Mean Field Games Theory [PDF]
IEEE Access, 2023 In a grid with a high proportion of renewable energy, the coordinated control between grid-forming (GFM) and grid-following (GFL) inverters becomes crucial for maintaining aspects such as frequency and voltage regulation.
Nuo Xu, Xiaodong Chu, Hua Ye
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Comparative Impedance Characteristic Analysis of Grid‐Following and Grid‐Forming Inverters
IET Renewable Power Generation, 2023 This paper comprehensively analyses the impedance characteristics of grid‐following (GFL) and grid‐forming (GFM) inverters at around synchronous frequency areas considering various operating and grid connection conditions and control settings.
Yonggang Zhang +3 more
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Power-Synchronized Grid-Following Inverter Without a Phase-Locked Loop [PDF]
IEEE Access, 2021 This paper proposes a power-synchronized control strategy for grid-following inverters (GFLIs) to regulate their power exchange with the grid without any need for sensing/regulating the point of connection voltage.
Behrooz Bahrani
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Selective PQD Power Control Strategy for Single-Phase Grid-Following Inverters [PDF]
IEEE Journal of Emerging and Selected Topics in Power Electronics, 2023 This paper proposes the selective PQD power control strategy based on proportional-integral controllers devised in stationary abc-reference frame for single-phase grid-following inverters. Its physical behavior and mathematical model are presented in detail and the system output impedance is derived.
João Marcus S. Callegari +2 more
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Wideband Dissipativity Enhancement of Grid-Following Inverters Using Virtual Element Design [PDF]
CPSS Transactions on Power Electronics and Applications, 2023 Dissipativity provides a convenient approach to predict system stability, which explains the induced resonances from the perspective of damping. To mitigate potential resonances and improve stability, this work presents a design method to enhance the dissipativity of grid-following inverters over a wide frequency range.
Yang, Zhiqing +5 more
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Dynamic Grid Frequency Support using a Self-Synchronising Grid-Following Inverter
2021 IEEE 12th Energy Conversion Congress & Exposition - Asia (ECCE-Asia), 2021 This paper uses a self-synchronising grid-following inverter to provide dynamic frequency support for a low inertia grid system. The approach uses frequency deviations from nominal, as measured from the inverter current controller outputs, to shape a power reference based on these grid frequency variations during a transient event. This power reference
A. A. Nazib +4 more
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Integration Strategies for Large-Scale Renewable Interconnections with Grid Forming and Grid Following Inverters, Capacitor Banks, and Harmonic Filters [PDF]
EnergiesThe transition towards a power system characterized by a reduced presence of synchronous generators (SGs) and an increased reliance on inverter-based resources (IBRs), including wind, solar photovoltaics (PV), and battery storage, presents new ...
Soham Ghosh +3 more
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Adaptive Neurocontrol for Grid-Following Inverters
, 2022 Chin-Yao Chang, Yashen Lin
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Power-Sharing between Grid-Forming and Grid-Following Inverters
2021 IEEE 22nd Workshop on Control and Modelling of Power Electronics (COMPEL), 2021 Fahmid Sadeque +2 more
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