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Resistance of grounding systems

Electrical Engineering, 1955
ANALYTICAL expressions for the resistance to infinite ground are found in the technical literature for simple shapes of ground electrodes and wires.1 The present digest aims to establish generally applicable relations for the resistance of more complex configurations such as grids and rodbeds.
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Equipotentiality and grounding Derivation of grounding resistance for equipment

2014 IEEE Symposium on Product Compliance Engineering (ISPCE), 2014
Equipotentiality is one means of preventing electric shock. Grounding is a specific kind of equipotentiality. For most power distribution systems, the resistance of the grounding circuit in an electrical product is critical to establishing equipotentiality. This paper explains equipotentiality and how it provides protection against electric shock. This
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Analysis and comparison of resonance grounding with low resistance grounding

2010 5th International Conference on Critical Infrastructure (CRIS), 2010
The scale of medium voltage networks have been expanding and cables are increasingly used so that nowadays capacitance currents are much greater than before when single line-to-ground faults happen. And the harm of an arcing ground overvoltage is extremely severe in an ungrounded system. To solve the problem put forward, the neutral of a medium voltage
null Lei Li   +5 more
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A Practical Approach for Determining the Ground Resistance of Grounding Grids

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 2006
This paper starts from the premise that ground resistance is independent of earth-fault current and presents a new method for calculating the ground resistance of grounding grids using the finite-element method. The results obtained using the method proposed are compared with results measured experimentally and results published by other authors.
null Guemes-Alonso   +3 more
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Notes on Resistance of Gas-Pipe Grounds

Transactions of the American Institute of Electrical Engineers, 1907
Earth connections in electric circuits are frequently made by driving a gas pipe into the ground. Such grounds are of fairly high resistance, and therefore not permissible where a low resistance ground is required. Their great simplicity and cheapness makes them desirable, where very low ground resistance is not necessary, as for discharging static ...
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The measurement of impulse grounding resistance and inductance of grounding network

Proceedings of EMPD '98. 1998 International Conference on Energy Management and Power Delivery (Cat. No.98EX137), 2002
It is well known that accurate measurement of grounding resistance and inductance under impulse voltage is of great importance for safe operation of electrical and electronic equipment. It is the behavior of grounding objects under impulse voltage instead under DC voltage that determine the safe operation of equipment.
null Chen Yunping   +2 more
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A new method to decrease ground resistances of substation grounding systems in high resistivity regions

IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, 1999
Decreasing the ground resistance of a grounding system in high resistivity soil is often a formidable task. A new method is proposed to decrease ground resistances. This method requires three steps: (1) drilling deep holes in the ground; (2) developing cracks in the soil by means of explosions in the holes; and (3) filling the holes with low ...
null Qingbo Meng   +3 more
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Soil Resistivity Evaluation and Grounding System Resistance

2018
This chapter contains the factors affecting the soil resistivity and grounding resistance such as the soil moisture content, soil mineral content and soil temperature. It discusses the methods of measuring of soil resistivity and grounding resistance using Wenner method.
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Calculation of Impulse Grounding Resistance of Extended Grounding Electrode

2013
In order to calculate the impulse grounding resistance of extended grounding electrode accurately, this paper introduces a method for computing the impulse grounding resistance based on the spark discharge characteristic of the earth, using a nonlinear differential circuit model. The relation curves of impulse grounding resistance with the current peak
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The Ground Resistance Reduction Effect of o Conductive Expansion Ground Resistance Reducing Material

Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers, 2008
The grounding systems provide a low resistance path for fault or normal currents into the earth. The material for reducing ground resistance is buried around the grounding electrode to increase its effective size of the electrode and thus to obtain low ground resistance.
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