Results 151 to 160 of about 107,342 (244)

Inequality of Opportunity in a Multiperiod Framework

Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This paper offers a simple model to evaluate and measure inequality of opportunity in a multiperiod framework, in which both circumstances and effort may change over time. We adopt a norm‐based approach and an axiomatic methodology: we first characterise two alternative definitions of a ‘fair distribution’, associated respectively with the ex ...
Domenico Moramarco, Flaviana Palmisano, Vitorocco Peragine   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Parrots do not show inequity aversion. [PDF]

Sci Rep, 2019
Krasheninnikova A, Brucks D, Buffenoir N, Rivas Blanco D, Soulet D, von Bayern A.   +5 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Inequality of Opportunity in Wealth: Levels, Trends and Drivers in Germany

Oxford Bulletin of Economics and Statistics, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This paper studies inequality of opportunity (IOp) in individual net wealth in Germany from 2002 to 2019 using the Socio‐Economic Panel (SOEP). Applying the ex‐ante IOp framework, we quantify the share of wealth inequality attributable to immutable circumstances and benchmark it against IOp in gross labour earnings.
Daniel Graeber, Johannes König, Viola Hilbert   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

A Polyphonic Debate on Social Equity Budgeting

Public Administration, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT This paper is polyphonic (i.e., a debate involving multiple perspectives) and highlights emerging interdisciplinary thoughts on past, current, and future social equity budgeting (SEB). We present a vision for the field and emphasize the potential impact of this paper. We hope to enliven debates regarding context, underpinning philosophies, and
Bruce D. McDonald III, Laurence Ferry, Sean A. McCandless, Meagan M. Jordan, Ileana Steccolini, John R. Bartle, Thomas Ahrens, Jim Haslam, Philip G. Joyce, Tobias Polzer   +9 more
wiley   +1 more source

Measuring International Inequity Aversion

I measure the rate of aversion to inequality in consumption as expressed in the development aid given by rich countries to poor ones between 1965 and 2005. Over time, OECD countries have become less concerned about international inequity.
Tol, Richard S. J.
core  

The Optimality of Simple Contracts: Moral Hazard and Loss Aversion [PDF]

This paper extends the standard principal-agent model with moral hazard to allow for agents having reference- dependent preferences according to Köszegi and Rabin (2006, 2007). The main finding is that loss aversion leads to fairly simple contracts.
Fabian Herweg, Daniel Müller, Philipp Weinschenk   +2 more
core  

What's Wrong With Self‐Censorship?

Philosophy &Public Affairs, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT In recent years, discourse on freedom of speech has shifted away from exclusive focus on the state and towards societal threats to speech. Amidst this change, the notion of “self‐censorship” has gained increased prominence. Not only has self‐censorship emerged as a common reference point, several recent studies identify it as embodying a ...
Gideon Elford
wiley   +1 more source

Reimagining clinical psychology for a changing planet

Psychology and Psychotherapy: Theory, Research and Practice, EarlyView.
Abstract Objectives The interconnected climate and ecological emergencies (CEE) are driving irreversible planetary changes with profound consequences for physical and mental health. Clinical psychology holds valuable skills for mitigating and adapting to these impacts, yet the profession lacks a coherent vision for its role.
Georgia King, Matthew Adams, Nick Maguire, Marc Williams   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

AI Alignment Versus AI Ethical Treatment: 10 Challenges

Analytic Philosophy, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT A morally acceptable course of AI development should avoid two dangers: creating unaligned AI systems that pose a threat to humanity and mistreating AI systems that merit moral consideration in their own right. This paper argues these two dangers interact and that if we create AI systems that merit moral consideration, simultaneously avoiding ...
Adam Bradley, Bradford Saad
wiley   +1 more source

De‐Moralizing Friendship: Unfinished Business

Philosophical Perspectives, EarlyView.
ABSTRACT We have duties to our friends that we don't have to strangers. Philosophers traditionally take these duties of friendship to be moral duties. But this moralist position cannot accommodate the full scope of the duties that we have to our friends. Many of these associative duties appear to be duties of a distinct normative kind.
Jessica Isserow
wiley   +1 more source