Results 91 to 100 of about 109,995 (172)

Estimating Dynamic Treatment Effects from Project STAR [PDF]

This paper considers the analysis of data from randomized trials which offer a sequence of interventions and suffer from a variety of problems in implementation. In experiments that provide treatment in multiple periods (T>1), subjects have up to 2^{T}-1
Steven Lehrer, Weili Ding
core  

On variance estimation of the inverse probability‐of‐treatment weighting estimator: A tutorial for different types of propensity score weights

Statistics in Medicine
Propensity score methods, such as inverse probability‐of‐treatment weighting (IPTW), have been increasingly used for covariate balancing in both observational studies and randomized trials, allowing the control of both systematic and chance imbalances. Approaches using IPTW are based on two steps: (i) estimation of the individual propensity scores (PS),
Andriana Kostouraki, David Hajage, Bernard Rachet, Elizabeth J. Williamson, Guillaume Chauvet, Aurélien Belot, Clémence Leyrat   +6 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Association between early administration of mucoactive agents and in-hospital mortality in patients with pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation: a nationwide cohort study

Journal of Intensive Care
Background In patients with pneumonia requiring mechanical ventilation, increased airway secretions are associated with prolonged mechanical ventilation, but the effect of mucoactive agents remains unclear.
Akira Sasaki, Mikio Nakajima, Tomohiro Shinozaki, Yusuke Sasabuchi, Hiroyuki Ohbe, Richard H. Kaszynski, Yuya Kimura, Kojiro Morita, Tadahiro Goto, Yuki Aiyama, Izumi Nakayama, Hiroki Matsui, Kiyohide Fushimi, Hidenobu Ochiai, Hideo Yasunaga   +14 more
doaj   +1 more source

Model misspecification and bias for inverse probability weighting and doubly robust estimators

, 2017
In the causal inference literature an estimator belonging to a class of semi-parametric estimators is called robust if it has desirable properties under the assumption that at least one of the working models is correctly specified.
Pazzagli, Laura, Waernbaum, Ingeborg
core  

A fully objective Bayesian approach for the Behrens-Fisher problem using historical studies

, 2016
For in vivo research experiments with small sample sizes and available historical data, we propose a sequential Bayesian method for the Behrens-Fisher problem.
Barbieri, Antoine, Florin, Karine, Marin, Jean-Michel   +2 more
core  

Comparison of surgical and non surgical treatment strategies for non metastatic oropharyngeal cancer using inverse probability weighting

Discover Oncology
Objective Surgical (SS) and non-surgical strategies (NSS) are both considered as valid options in the therapeutic management of oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC) because of the absence of randomized control trial. Method The objective of this
Antoine Dubray-vautrin, Olivier Choussy, Laurence Bozec, Christophe Le Tourneau, Valentin Calugaru, Pierre Graff, Rabah Taouachi, Maria Lesnik, Nathalie Badois, Jimmy Mullaert   +9 more
doaj   +1 more source

Sequential Treatment with Regorafenib and Trifluridine/Tipiracil in Refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer

Life
Background: The optimal sequencing of regorafenib and trifluridine/tipiracil (FTD/TPI) in refractory metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) remains uncertain, particularly in Asian populations. Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 110 patients with mCRC who
Min-Chi Cheng, Po-Huang Chen, Yu-Guang Chen, Shiue-Wei Lai, Jia-Hong Chen, Ming-Shen Dai, Ping-Ying Chang   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Clinical outcomes of nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision or radical cystectomy for distal ureteral carcinoma invaded muscle of the ureteral orifice

BMC Cancer
Purpose To present the clinical outcomes of nephroureterectomy with bladder cuff excision (NU-BCE) or radical cystectomy (NU-RC) when distal ureteral carcinoma invaded muscle of the ureteral orifice using inverse probability of treatment weighting (IPTW).
Pan Li, Suoshi Jing, Yindong Kang, Bin Feng, Yunxin Zhang, Hui Ding, Juan Wang, Yingru Wang, Li Yang, Zhilong Dong, Junqiang Tian, Zhiping Wang, Zizhen Hou   +12 more
doaj   +1 more source

Woven endobridge embolization versus microsurgical clipping for unruptured wide-neck cerebral aneurysms on middle cerebral artery bifurcation

BMC Neurology
Woven EndoBridge (WEB) is an endovascular treatment for wide-neck bifurcation aneurysms (WNBAs). This study aimed to clarify the efficacy and safety of the WEB comparing to clipping for treating the middle cerebral artery (MCA) WNBAs.
Jun Hyeong Park, Hyun Jin Han, Jung-Jae Kim, Yong Bae Kim, Keun Young Park   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Prediction of post-ESD esophageal stricture by a nomogram and risk factor analysis of ineffective oral steroids prophylaxis

BMC Gastroenterology
Background and aims Several risk models for esophageal stricture after endoscopic submucosal dissection have been developed. However, some of them did not include the use of steroids in the risk analysis.
Miaoxin Zhang, Jin Ma, Wei Tian, Ninghui Zhao, Xinxia Feng, Panpan Lu, Qiang Ding, Mei Liu   +7 more
doaj   +1 more source