Results 131 to 140 of about 72,908 (270)
Higher Objectives of Islamic Law (Maqāṣid al‐Sharīʿa) in Substantiating Justice in Land Tax
The Muslim World, EarlyView.Abstract This article discusses the relationship between the systemization of kharāj (land tax) and the higher objective of Islamic law or Maqāṣid al‐Sharīʿa. After the conquest of Sawād region (located in modern‐day southern Iraq), the First Caliph ʿUmar (634 ‐ 644 CE) introduced a new approach to the distribution of ghanīmah (spoils of war), leaving ...
Öznur Özdemir, Mehmet Asutay
wiley +1 more source
How to make people do things with words
Noûs, EarlyView.Abstract Sometimes we do what other people tell us to. A natural thought is that the motivation to act on an instruction comes about rationally as the result of interpreting an imperative and deciding to act on it; that is, by updating on information that gets mediated through belief‐desire reasoning.
Henry Schiller, Shaun Nichols
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New Phytologist, EarlyView.Summary Plants and soils have been moved around the world for centuries, but invasive mushrooms receive scant attention. The Amanita muscaria species complex was introduced to South Africa in the context of forestry, but its origins, ecology and recent evolution are unstudied. We sequenced the genomes of 24 Northern and Southern Hemisphere A. muscaria,
Grant R. Nickles +39 more
wiley +1 more source
Restoration Ecology, EarlyView.Introduction A growing number of countries have adopted legislation that recognizes nature as a subject of rights. The purpose of many rights‐of‐nature laws is linked to restoring biodiversity and ecosystems. Consequently, an ecosystem's right to restoration has emerged as a substantive right of nature.
Mariam C. Kanyama
wiley +1 more source
Resistance through Transformation? The Meanings of Gender Reversals in a Taiwanese Buddhist Monastery [PDF]
, 2011 This chapter demonstrates that Taiwanese Buddhist nuns resist the limitations of traditional Han gender ideologies by drawing on opportunities offered within those traditional gender constructions—opportunities that allow them to define themselves in ...
Crane, Hillary
core +1 more source
Correction: A Phylogenetic Comparative Study of Bantu Kinship Terminology Finds Limited Support for Its Co-Evolution with Social Organisation. [PDF]
PLoS One, 2016 PLOS ONE Staff.
europepmc +1 more source
The Painterly Materiality of Clouds in Antony and Cleopatra and Hamlet
Renaissance Studies, EarlyView.Abstract This article examines the cloud‐gazing scenes in Antony and Cleopatra and Hamlet through the lens of early modern artistic theory and material practices, particularly the art of limning. Building upon existing philosophical and poetic interpretations of Shakespearean clouds as metaphors for ephemerality and memory, the essay argues that the ...
Anne‐Valérie Dulac
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Studies in Ethnicity and Nationalism, EarlyView.ABSTRACT After the Nigerian Civil War, the Biafrans started from scratch through trades, mostly adopting the igba‐boi apprenticeship system in Nigeria. This paper examines the impact of the igba‐boi entrepreneurship system in post‐Biafra for the survival of the Igbo identity.
Chiemela Victor Amaechi +3 more
wiley +1 more source
From Expansion to Erosion: The Global Trajectory of Judicial Independence, 1960–2018
Sociological Forum, EarlyView.ABSTRACT Judicial independence expanded globally throughout the twentieth century, but this trajectory has recently come under pressure. In recent years, governments around the world have increasingly challenged judicial autonomy. This study unpacks this global reversal by analyzing data from 156 states between 1960 and 2018.
Nir Rotem
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