Results 61 to 70 of about 3,008,888 (261)

Liquid biopsy epigenetics: establishing a molecular profile based on cell‐free DNA

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Cell‐free DNA (cfDNA) fragments in plasma from cancer patients carry epigenetic signatures reflecting their cells of origin. These epigenetic features include DNA methylation, nucleosome modifications, and variations in fragmentation. This review describes the biological properties of each feature and explores optimal strategies for harnessing cfDNA ...
Christoffer Trier Maansson, Anders Lade Nielsen, Boe Sandahl Sorensen   +2 more
wiley   +1 more source

Designing a large language model for chemists

Patterns
In a recent issue of Cell Reports Physical Science, Zhao et al. introduced ChemDFM, a foundational large language model designed specifically for chemistry.
Xiaoyi Chen, Haixu Tang
doaj   +1 more source

Hierarchical Neural Language Models for Joint Representation of Streaming Documents and their Content

, 2015
We consider the problem of learning distributed representations for documents in data streams. The documents are represented as low-dimensional vectors and are jointly learned with distributed vector representations of word tokens using a hierarchical ...
Bhamidipati, Narayan, Djuric, Nemanja, Grbovic, Mihajlo, Radosavljevic, Vladan, Wu, Hao   +4 more
core   +1 more source

Next‐generation proteomics improves lung cancer risk prediction

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
This is one of very few studies that used prediagnostic blood samples from participants of two large population‐based cohorts. We identified, evaluated, and validated an innovative protein marker model that outperformed an established risk prediction model and criteria employed by low‐dose computed tomography in lung cancer screening trials.
Megha Bhardwaj, Clara Frick, Ben Schöttker, Bernd Holleczek, Hermann Brenner   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Phase transitions in large language model compression

npj Artificial Intelligence
This perspective argues that Large Language Models exhibit Model Phase Transitions: performance collapses beyond critical compression thresholds. We analyze structural, numerical, and algebraic redundancy across pruning, quantization, and low-rank ...
Ziyang Ma, Zuchao Li, Lefei Zhang, Gui-Song Xia, Bo Du, Liangpei Zhang, Dacheng Tao   +6 more
doaj   +1 more source

Recovering the state sequence of hidden Markov models using mean-field approximations

, 2009
Inferring the sequence of states from observations is one of the most fundamental problems in Hidden Markov Models. In statistical physics language, this problem is equivalent to computing the marginals of a one-dimensional model with a random external ...
Antoine Sinton, Cappé O, Elahi E, Eltoukhy H, Eltoukhy H El Gamal A, Ewing B, MacKay D J, Mézard M, Nyrén P, Wang Y Zhou L Feng J Wang J Liu Z-Q   +9 more
core   +1 more source

Developing evidence‐based, cost‐effective P4 cancer medicine for driving innovation in prevention, therapeutics, patient care and reducing healthcare inequalities

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
The cancer problem is increasing globally with projections up to the year 2050 showing unfavourable outcomes in terms of incidence and cancer‐related deaths. The main challenges are prevention, improved therapeutics resulting in increased cure rates and enhanced health‐related quality of life.
Ulrik Ringborg, Joachim von Braun, Julio Celis, Anton Berns, Michael Baumann, Tit Albreht, Nancy Abou‐Zeid, Vanderlei Bagnato, Christian Brandts, Chien‐Jen Chen, Massimiliano di Pietro, Manjit Dosanjh, Thomas Dubois, Alexander Eggermont, Angelika Eggert, Ingemar Ernberg, Sara Faithfull, Johannes Förner, Stefan Fröhling, Manuel Heitor, Leroy Hood, Wei Jiang, Bengt Jönsson, Ravi Kannan, Maria Leptin, Su Li, Peter Lindgren, Douglas Lowy, Jun Ma, Alex Markham, Péter Nagy, Simon Oberst, M. Iqbal Parker, Danielle Rodin, Kevin Ryan, Joachim Schüz, Richard Sullivan, Josep Tabernero, Peter Turkson, Oliver Várhelyi, Harold Varmus, Chijie Wang, Elisabete Weiderpass, Nils Wilking   +43 more
wiley   +1 more source

Coherent Interpretation of Entire Visual Field Test Reports Using a Multimodal Large Language Model (ChatGPT)

Vision
This study assesses the accuracy and consistency of a commercially available large language model (LLM) in extracting and interpreting sensitivity and reliability data from entire visual field (VF) test reports for the evaluation of glaucomatous defects.
Jeremy C. K. Tan
doaj   +1 more source

When Large Language Models contradict humans? Large Language Models' Sycophantic Behaviour

, 2023
Large Language Models have been demonstrating broadly satisfactory generative abilities for users, which seems to be due to the intensive use of human feedback that refines responses. Nevertheless, suggestibility inherited via human feedback improves the inclination to produce answers corresponding to users' viewpoints.
Ranaldi, Leonardo, Pucci, Giulia
openaire   +2 more sources

LDAcoop: Integrating non‐linear population dynamics into the analysis of clonogenic growth in vitro

Molecular Oncology, EarlyView.
Limiting dilution assays (LDAs) quantify clonogenic growth by seeding serial dilutions of cells and scoring wells for colony formation. The fraction of negative wells is plotted against cells seeded and analyzed using the non‐linear modeling of LDAcoop.
Nikko Brix, Daniel Samaga, Katharina Gehr, Benedek Dankó, Mohamed Schumann, Guido Drexler, Ahmed Alnatsha, Georg Beyer, Ujjwal Mahajan, Martin Selmansberger, Julia Mayerle, Claus Belka, Horst Zitzelsberger, Kirsten Lauber   +13 more
wiley   +1 more source