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Mantle Convection and Viscoelasticity
Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 1985The ongoing revolution in the Earth sciences, which began more than twenty years ago, was originally based upon the increasingly widespread acceptance of the idea that continental masses have moved horizontally with respect to one another throughout geological time.
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2007
This chapter presents the fundamental physics necessary to understand the complex fluid dynamics of mantle convection. The first section derives the equations of conservation for mass, momentum, and energy and the boundary and interface conditions for the various physical quantities.
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This chapter presents the fundamental physics necessary to understand the complex fluid dynamics of mantle convection. The first section derives the equations of conservation for mass, momentum, and energy and the boundary and interface conditions for the various physical quantities.
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The depth of mantle convection
Journal of Geophysical Research: Solid Earth, 1979In this paper we elaborate on suggestions in the recent literature that the mantle convects uniformly through its entire depth. The main novel feature introduced here, which leads to a satisfactory account of earth temperatures, it the assumption of a thermal boundary layer at the mantle.
Walter M. Elsasser +2 more
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Numerical Models of Mantle Convection
Annual Review of Fluid Mechanics, 1992An overview of numerical methods describing the structure and dynamics of the mantle is presented with attention given to novel 3D modeling techniques. The paper reviews 3D spherical and Cartesian models for constant viscosity emphasizing the assumptions regarding style of convection, time dependence, and implications for the mantle.
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Global Tectonics and Metallogeny, 1996
An infinite Prandtl number, anelastic axially symmetric mantle convection model which incorporates the effects of both the exothermic 410 km and endothermic 660 km phase transitions that exist in the mantle of the earth is employed to study the effects these phase transitions have on the mantle flow.
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An infinite Prandtl number, anelastic axially symmetric mantle convection model which incorporates the effects of both the exothermic 410 km and endothermic 660 km phase transitions that exist in the mantle of the earth is employed to study the effects these phase transitions have on the mantle flow.
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The scales of mantle convection
Tectonophysics, 1998Seismic, topographic and gravity data show that there are two important scales of mantle convection. These are associated with spherical harmonic degrees l=2 and 6. The l=2 pattern corresponds to the pattern of subduction cooling since the breakup of Pangea.
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Annual Review of Earth and Planetary Sciences, 1978
The term thermal convection implies a flow dri"ven by thermal density variations, these variations being in turn maintained against the action of diffusion by the advection of heat by the flow itself. The energetics is a balance between viscous dissipation and the release of potential energy by the rising and sinking of warm and cold material ...
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The term thermal convection implies a flow dri"ven by thermal density variations, these variations being in turn maintained against the action of diffusion by the advection of heat by the flow itself. The energetics is a balance between viscous dissipation and the release of potential energy by the rising and sinking of warm and cold material ...
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Mantle convection for geologists
Choice Reviews Online, 2011Mantle convection is the fundamental agent driving many of the geological features observed at the Earth's surface, including plate tectonics and plume volcanism. Yet many Earth scientists have an incomplete understanding of the process. This book describes the physics and fluid dynamics of mantle convection, explaining what it is, how it works, and ...
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Convection in the earth's mantle
Tectonophysics, 1971Abstract According to the hypothesis of global plate tectonics the surface motions of the earth are now known in considerable detail, but very little is known about the three-dimensional flow in the earth and about the forces which maintain the motions. The motions at depth are difficult to study because they produce few surface effects. For instance,
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Fluid Dynamics Research, 2008
The solid-state convection in the Earth mantle is characterized by plate tectonics, which shapes the tectonic activities of the Earth, and superplumes as broad hot regions chemically distinct from the surrounding regions in deep lower mantle. Recent numerical studies of mantle convection suggest that the rigidly moving plates occur on the Earth because
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The solid-state convection in the Earth mantle is characterized by plate tectonics, which shapes the tectonic activities of the Earth, and superplumes as broad hot regions chemically distinct from the surrounding regions in deep lower mantle. Recent numerical studies of mantle convection suggest that the rigidly moving plates occur on the Earth because
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