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The impact of forced closure on proppant distribution of hydraulic fracturing in shale formations

open access: yesDeep Underground Science and Engineering, EarlyView.
Research findings demonstrate that implementing forced closure within shale formations can remarkably mitigate proppant settlement, concurrently increasing the effective propped surface area from 29.74% to 38.68%. Abstract Forced closure is widely used in conventional oil and gas reservoirs to promote uniform proppant placement.
Tongxuan Gu   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

‘MultiTraits': an integrated R package for analysis and visualization of multidimensional plant traits

open access: yesEcography, EarlyView.
The multidimensional characteristics of plant traits and their trade‐offs are central to ecology. However, there is a lack of systematic and standardized tools for analyzing these intricate relationships. To fill this gap, we developed the ‘MultiTraits' R package, which incorporates four complementary analytical modules: competitors–stress tolerators ...
Yan He   +3 more
wiley   +1 more source

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