Results 41 to 50 of about 71,235 (256)

Two mechanisms repress cyclin B1 translation to maintain prophase arrest in mouse oocytes

Nature Communications
In mammals, oocytes are arrested in prophase of meiosis I for long periods of time. Prophase arrest is critical for reproduction because it allows oocytes to grow to their full size to support meiotic maturation and embryonic development. Prophase arrest
Shiya Cheng, Melina Schuh
doaj   +1 more source

Cdc14 phosphatase directs centrosome re-duplication at the meiosis I to meiosis II transition in budding yeast [version 1; referees: 1 approved, 2 approved with reservations]

Wellcome Open Research, 2017
Background Gametes are generated through a specialized cell division called meiosis, in which ploidy is reduced by half because two consecutive rounds of chromosome segregation, meiosis I and meiosis II, occur without intervening DNA replication.
Colette Fox, Juan Zou, Juri Rappsilber, Adele L. Marston   +3 more
doaj   +1 more source

Mechanisms of Oocyte Maturation and Related Epigenetic Regulation

Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology, 2021
Meiosis is the basis of sexual reproduction. In female mammals, meiosis of oocytes starts before birth and sustains at the dictyate stage of meiotic prophase I before gonadotropins-induced ovulation happens. Once meiosis gets started, the oocytes undergo
Meina He, Meina He, Meina He, Tuo Zhang, Tuo Zhang, Tuo Zhang, Yi Yang, Chao Wang, Chao Wang   +8 more
doaj   +1 more source

ATZ‐1 promotes DNA replication efficiency to maintain normal meiotic function

FEBS Open Bio, EarlyView.
Absence of ATZ‐1 interferes with meiotic DNA replication and cell cycle function via CHK‐1. This causes downstream defects associated with DNA damage and genomic integrity. Taken together, this study suggests that ATZ‐1 influences DNA replication efficiency and cell cycle function to maintain normal meiotic function.
Taylin E. Gourley, Luke W. Molesworth, Nethma H. Waduge, Fahimeh Eskandari, Peter R. Boag, Gregory M. Davis   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

The Phosphatase Dusp7 Drives Meiotic Resumption and Chromosome Alignment in Mouse Oocytes

Cell Reports, 2016
Summary: Mammalian oocytes are stored in the ovary, where they are arrested in prophase for prolonged periods. The mechanisms that abrogate the prophase arrest in mammalian oocytes and reinitiate meiosis are not well understood.
Thomas Tischer, Melina Schuh
doaj   +1 more source

Inhibition of IGFBP4 in Granulosa Cells Improves Reproductive Performance and Maintains Fertility With Age via YAP Signaling

Advanced Science, EarlyView.
IGFBP4 is upregulated in granulosa cells of aged ovaries across monkeys, mice, and humans. It inhibits YAP signaling, thereby suppressing cell proliferation and contributing to follicular dysfunction. Deletion of Igfbp4 in granulosa cells enhances ovulatory output, improves hormone profiles, and reproductive performance in aged female mice, suggesting ...
Qianhui Hu, Ajun Geng, Ziyuan Li, Fanghao Guo, Jingqiang Wang, Xinyi Chen, Meiling Zhang, Yi Arial Zeng, Wen Li   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Translational repression by 4E-T is crucial to maintain the prophase-I arrest in vertebrate oocytes

Nature Communications
Meiotic maturation of vertebrate oocytes occurs in the near-absence of transcription. Thus, female fertility relies on timely translational activation of maternal transcripts stockpiled in full-grown prophase-I-arrested oocytes.
Andreas Heim, Shiya Cheng, Jan Orth, Florian Stengel, Melina Schuh, Thomas U. Mayer   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Regulation of meiotic entry and gonadal sex differentiation in the human: normal and disrupted signaling

Biomolecular Concepts, 2014
Meiosis is a unique type of cell division that is performed only by germ cells to form haploid gametes. The switch from mitosis to meiosis exhibits a distinct sex-specific difference in timing, with female germ cells entering meiosis during fetal ...
Jørgensen Anne, Rajpert-De Meyts Ewa
doaj   +1 more source

Anastral spindle assembly and γ-tubulin in Drosophila oocytes

BMC Cell Biology, 2011
Background Anastral spindles assemble by a mechanism that involves microtubule nucleation and growth from chromatin. It is still uncertain whether γ-tubulin, a microtubule nucleator essential for mitotic spindle assembly and maintenance, plays a role ...
Hallen Mark A, Endow Sharyn A
doaj   +1 more source

Positive feedback of NDT80 expression ensures irreversible meiotic commitment in budding yeast. [PDF]

PLoS Genetics, 2014
In budding yeast, meiotic commitment is the irreversible continuation of the developmental path of meiosis. After reaching meiotic commitment, cells finish meiosis and gametogenesis, even in the absence of the meiosis-inducing signal. In contrast, if the
Dai Tsuchiya, Yang Yang, Soni Lacefield
doaj   +1 more source