Results 141 to 150 of about 3,657 (172)

Central projections of melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells in the mouse [PDF]

Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2006
AbstractA rare type of ganglion cell in mammalian retina is directly photosensitive. These novel retinal photoreceptors express the photopigment melanopsin. They send axons directly to the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN), intergeniculate leaflet (IGL), and olivary pretectal nucleus (OPN), thereby contributing to photic synchronization of circadian ...
Samer Hattar, King-Wai Yau, David M Berson   +2 more
exaly   +3 more sources

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Efficacy and Specificity of Melanopsin Reporters for Retinal Ganglion Cells

Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2022
Abstract Intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) are specialized retinal output neurons that mediate behavioral, neuroendocrine, and developmental responses to environmental light. There are diverse molecular strategies for marking ipRGCs, especially in mice, making them among the best ...
Ryan Maloney, Lauren Quattrochi, James Yoon, Rachel Souza, David Berson   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Melanopsin-expressing retinal ganglion cells are resistant to cell injury, but not always [PDF]

Mitochondrion, 2017
Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) are intrinsically photosensitive RGCs deputed to non-image forming functions of the eye such as synchronization of circadian rhythms to light-dark cycle. These cells are characterized by unique electrophysiological, anatomical and biochemical properties and are usually more resistant than conventional RGCs to ...
Birgitte Georg, Anna Ghelli, Carla Giordano   +2 more
exaly   +4 more sources

Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells mediate light-promoted brain development

Cell, 2022
During development, melanopsin-expressing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) become light sensitive much earlier than rods and cones. IpRGCs project to many subcortical areas, whereas physiological functions of these projections are yet to be fully elucidated.
Jianjun Meng
exaly   +3 more sources

Inner retina and melanopsin retinal ganglion cells in Parkinson's disease

Acta Ophthalmologica, 2022
AbstractParkinson's disease (PD) is a neurogenerative disorder characterized by sleep and circadian dysfunction.Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells (mRGCs) are intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells mainly contributing to circadian photoentrainment by projecting to the suprachiasmatic nucleus of the hypothalamus. They also regulate pupillary
Chiara La Morgia, Martina Romagnoli, Michele Carbonelli, Giulia Amore, Valerio Carelli   +4 more
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Melanopsin retinal ganglion cells receive bipolar and amacrine cell synapses

Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2003
AbstractMelanopsin is a novel opsin synthesized in a small subset of retinal ganglion cells. Ganglion cells expressing melanopsin are capable of depolarizing in response to light in the absence of rod or cone input and are thus intrinsically light sensitive.
Michael A, Belenky, Cynthia A, Smeraski, Ignacio, Provencio, Patricia J, Sollars, Gary E, Pickard   +4 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Melanopsin and non-melanopsin expressing retinal ganglion cells innervate the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus

Visual Neuroscience, 2003
Retinal input to the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) synchronizes the SCN circadian oscillator to the external day/night cycle. Retinal ganglion cells that innervate the SCNviathe retinohypothalamic tract are intrinsically light sensitive and express melanopsin.
Patricia J, Sollars, Cynthia A, Smeraski, Jessica D, Kaufman, Malcolm D, Ogilvie, Ignacio, Provencio, Gary E, Pickard   +5 more
openaire   +2 more sources

Melanopsin containing retinal ganglion cells are light responsive from birth

NeuroReport, 2004
Photoentrainment of the biological clock located in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) begins shortly after birth. Here we show using c-FOS immunoreactivity as a marker for neuronal activity that the melanopsin/PACAP containing retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) which project to the SCN as the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT) are responsive to light from birth.
Jens, Hannibal, Jan, Fahrenkrug
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Synaptic Contact between Melanopsin-Containing Retinal Ganglion Cells and Rod Bipolar Cells

Investigative Opthalmology & Visual Science, 2007
Evidence indicates that the melanopsin-containing intrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) receive input from rods and cones, which are thought to modulate the irradiance detecting system driving entrainment of the circadian system and pupillomotor control.
Jens Hannibal
exaly   +3 more sources

Melanopsin expressing human retinal ganglion cells: Subtypes, distribution, and intraretinal connectivity

Journal of Comparative Neurology, 2017
AbstractIntrinsically photosensitive retinal ganglion cells (ipRGCs) expressing the photopigment melanopsin belong to a heterogenic population of RGCs which regulate the circadian clock, masking behavior, melatonin suppression, the pupillary light reflex, and sleep/wake cycles.
Jens Hannibal, Anders Tolstrup Christiansen, Steffen Heegaard   +2 more
exaly   +4 more sources