Results 151 to 160 of about 7,832 (189)

The mesolimbic system and the loss of higher order network features in schizophrenia when learning without reward. [PDF]

open access: yesFront Psychiatry
Martin E   +12 more
europepmc   +1 more source

Probabilistic Estimation for Generalized Rough Modus Ponens and Rough Modus Tollens

Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 2016
We review concepts and principles of Modus Ponens and Modus Tollens in the areas of rough set theory and probabilistic inference. Based on the upper and the lower approximation of a set as well as the existing probabilistic results, we establish a generalized version of rough Modus Ponens and rough Modus Tollens with a new fact different from the ...
Ning Yao   +3 more
exaly   +2 more sources

Epistemic modals and modus tollens

Philosophical Studies, 2016
Epistemic modals in consequent place of indicative conditionals give rise to apparent counterexamples to Modus Tollens. Familiar assumptions behind familiar truth conditional theories of embedded modality facilitate a prima facie explanation—viz., that the target cases harbor epistemic modal equivocations. However, this sort of explanation goes too far.
exaly   +2 more sources

Modus Tollens, Modus Shmollens: Contrapositive reasoning and the pragmatics of negation

Thinking and Reasoning, 2007
The utterance of a negative statement invites the pragmatic inference that some reason exists for the proposition it negates to be true; this pragmatic inference paves the way for the logically unexpected Modus Shmollens inference: “If p then q; not-q; therefore, p.” Experiment 1 shows that a majority of reasoners endorse Modus Shmollens from an ...
Jean-François Bonnefon   +1 more
exaly   +2 more sources

Modus Tollens on Fuzzy Implication Functions Derived from Uninorms

Studies in Fuzziness and Soft Computing, 2016
The most used inference schemes in approximate reasoning are the so-called Modus Ponens for forward inferences, and Modus Tollens for backward inferences. In this way, finding new fuzzy implication functions satisfying these two properties has become an important topic for researchers.
Margarita Mas   +4 more
exaly   +2 more sources

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