Results 101 to 110 of about 201,842 (303)

About Defining the Referent Thermal Scale Points

open access: yesInterdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems, 2013
The absolute temperature T has a recognized physical meaning in equilibrium thermodynamics. The scale realized by the closely related Lagrange coefficient "b" usually figures as an auxiliary scale.
Josip Stepanić
doaj  

Universal In Situ Isotope Exchange Raman Spectroscopy (IERS) Methodology for Measuring Oxygen Surface Exchange Dynamics Using a Probe Layer

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
A bespoke multilayer thin film configuration has been designed, which overcomes the material dependency of conventional isotope exchange Raman spectroscopy (IERS). This universal IERS methodology is efficient, non‐destructive and provides additional structural information and time resolution, which can be further extended to various isotopic elements ...
Zonghao Shen   +7 more
wiley   +1 more source

Using In Situ TEM to Understand the Surfaces of Electrocatalysts at Reaction Conditions: Single‐Atoms to Nanoparticles

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
This review summarizes recent advances in closed‐cell in situ TEM strategies for accurate determination of the activity and stability of single‐atom catalyst systems during operation. Operando conditions causing dynamic changes of SAC systems are highlighted and we explain why ensemble average‐based optical techniques may benefit from the technological
Martin Ek   +4 more
wiley   +1 more source

Relativistic Statistical Mechanics vs. Relativistic Thermodynamics

open access: yesEntropy, 2011
Based on a covariant theory of equilibrium Thermodynamics, a Statistical Relativistic Mechanics is developed for the non-interacting case. Relativistic Thermodynamics and Jüttner Relativistic Distribution Function in a moving frame are obtained by using ...
Benjamín López-Carrera   +1 more
doaj   +1 more source

Expanding Chemical Space of Nucleic Acid Nanoparticles for Tunable Antiviral‐Like Immunomodulatory Responses and Potent Adjuvant Activity

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
We introduce a nucleic acid nanoparticle (NANP) platform designed to be rrecognized by the human innate immune system in a regulated manner. By changing chemical composition while maintaining constant architectural parameters, we identify key determinants of immunorecognition enabling the rational design of NANPs with tunable immune activation profiles
Martin Panigaj   +21 more
wiley   +1 more source

Some Trends in Quantum Thermodynamics

open access: yesEntropy, 2014
Traditional answers to what the 2nd Law is are well known. Some are based on the microstate of a system wandering rapidly through all accessible phase space, while others are based on the idea of a system occupying an initial multitude of states due to ...
Michael R. von Spakovsky, Jochen Gemmer
doaj   +1 more source

Nanomaterial‐Integrated Fiber Neural Probes for Deep Brain Monitoring and Modulation: Challenges and Opportunities

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
The article presents nanomaterial‐integrated fiber neural probes as innovative tools for deep brain molecular sensing, neural stimulation, and temperature monitoring. It examines breakthroughs in SERS‐based biomolecule detection, thermoplasmonic activation, and luminescent thermometry, alongside strategies to overcome stability, specificity, and ...
Di Zheng   +5 more
wiley   +1 more source

Dual‐Phased Molybdenum Carbides Confined in MOF‐Derived Carbon Nanoframes Enhance Capacitive Desalination

open access: yesAdvanced Functional Materials, EarlyView.
Dual‐phase MoC/Mo2C/CoNC nanoframes are synthesized via a MOF‐on‐MOF strategy, demonstrating a large salt adsorption capacity, a low energy consumption, and an excellent cycling stability. In situ/ex situ characterizations and DFT calculations reveal that the MoC/Mo2C dual phase transition facilitates Na+ adsorption/desorption, while interface‐induced ...
Feifei Pang   +8 more
wiley   +1 more source

Studies on the Exergy Transfer Law for the Irreversible Process in the Waxy Crude Oil Pipeline Transportation

open access: yesEntropy, 2018
With the increasing demand of oil products in China, the energy consumption of pipeline operation will continue to rise greatly, as well as the cost of oil transportation.
Qinglin Cheng   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

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