RM-NTT: An RRAM-Based Compute-in-Memory Number Theoretic Transform Accelerator
IEEE Journal on Exploratory Solid-State Computational Devices and Circuits, 2022 As more cloud computing resources are used for machine learning training and inference processes, privacy-preserving techniques that protect data from revealing at the cloud platforms attract increasing interest. Homomorphic encryption (HE) is one of the
Yongmo Park +3 more
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MeNTT: A Compact and Efficient Processing-in-Memory Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) Accelerator [PDF]
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems, 2022 Lattice-based cryptography (LBC) exploiting Learning with Errors (LWE) problems is a promising candidate for post-quantum cryptography. Number theoretic transform (NTT) is the latency- and energy- dominant process in the computation of LWE problems.
Dai Li, Akhil Pakala, Kaiyuan Yang
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NTT-PIM: Row-Centric Architecture and Mapping for Efficient Number-Theoretic Transform on PIM
2023 60th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2023 Recently DRAM-based PIMs (processing-in-memories) with unmodified cell arrays have demonstrated impressive performance for accelerating AI applications. However, due to the very restrictive hardware constraints, PIM remains an accelerator for simple functions only.
Sugil Lee, Jongeun Lee
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BP-NTT: Fast and Compact in-SRAM Number Theoretic Transform with Bit-Parallel Modular Multiplication
2023 60th ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference (DAC), 2023 This work is accepted to the 60th Design Automation Conference (DAC ...
Mohsen Imani
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Closed-Form Orthogonal Number Theoretic Transform Eigenvectors and the Fast Fractional NTT
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing, 2011 In this paper, we propose a new method to find the closed-form solution of Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) eigenvectors. We construct the complete generalized Legendre sequence over the finite field (CGLSF) and use it to solve the NTT eigenvector problem.
Soo-Chang Pei, Jian-Jiun Ding
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NTT-PEEL: Bit Shift Side-Channel in FALCON’s Number Theoretic Transform
Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded SystemsThis work introduces a new single-trace side-channel attack against FALCON, a lattice-based post-quantum digital signature scheme recently selected for standardization by NIST.
Jinyi Qiu, Aydin Aysu
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Area-time efficient pipelined number theoretic transform for CRYSTALS-Kyber. [PDF]
PLoS ONECRYSTALS-Kyber has been standardized by the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) as a quantum-resistant algorithm in the post-quantum cryptography (PQC) competition. The bottleneck in performance of Kyber is the polynomial multiplication
Ayesha Waris +2 more
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Pipelined and conflict-free number theoretic transform accelerator for CRYSTALS-Kyber on FPGA. [PDF]
PLoS ONEPost-quantum cryptographic (PQC) algorithms are essential due to the threat posed by quantum computers to the security of currently deployed cryptosystems.
Ayesha Waris +2 more
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Conceptual Review on Number Theoretic Transform and Comprehensive Review on Its Implementations
IEEE Access, 2023 The Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) is a powerful mathematical tool that has become increasingly important in developing Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Homomorphic Encryption (HE).
Ardianto Satriawan +5 more
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Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, 2021 Number theoretic transform (NTT) is widely utilized to speed up polynomial multiplication, which is the critical computation bottleneck in a lot of cryptographic algorithms like lattice-based post-quantum cryptography (PQC) and homomorphic encryption (HE)
Xiangren Chen +4 more
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