Results 11 to 20 of about 9,817 (168)

Fast Number Theoretic Transform for Ring-LWE on 8-bit AVR Embedded Processor [PDF]

Sensors, 2020
In this paper, we optimized Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) and random sampling operations on low-end 8-bit AVR microcontrollers. We focused on the optimized modular multiplication with secure countermeasure (i.e., constant timing), which ensures high ...
Hwajeong Seo, Hyeokdong Kwon, Yongbeen Kwon, Kyungho Kim, Seungju Choi, Hyunjun Kim, Kyoungbae Jang   +6 more
doaj   +2 more sources

A Flexible and Parallel Hardware Accelerator for Forward and Inverse Number Theoretic Transform

IEEE Access
This paper demonstrates an efficient and flexible hardware accelerator for polynomial multiplication using number theoretic transform (NTT). The proposed architecture considers flexibility and performance requirements at the same time.
Muhammad Rashid, Safiullah Khan, Omar S. Sonbul, Seong Oun Hwang   +3 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Hints from Hertz: Dynamic Frequency Scaling Side-Channel Analysis of Number Theoretic Transform in Lattice-Based KEMs

Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems
Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) has been widely used in accelerating computations in lattice-based cryptography. However, attackers can potentially launch power analysis targeting the NTT because it is one of the most time-consuming parts of the ...
Tianrun Yu, Chi Cheng, Zilong Yang, Yingchen Wang, Yanbin Pan, Jian Weng   +5 more
doaj   +2 more sources

High-Performance Number Theoretic Transform on GPU Through radix2-CT and 4-Step Algorithms

IEEE Access
The number theoretic transform (NTT) provides a practical and efficient technique to perform multiplication of very large degree polynomials typically found in fully homomorphic encryption (FHE), lattice-based cryptography, and non-interactive succinct ...
Alisah Ozcan, Arsalan Javeed, Erkay Savas   +2 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Compact and Low-Latency FPGA-Based Number Theoretic Transform Architecture for CRYSTALS Kyber Postquantum Cryptography Scheme

Information
In the modern era of the Internet of Things (IoT), especially with the rapid development of quantum computers, the implementation of postquantum cryptography algorithms in numerous terminals allows them to defend against potential future quantum attack ...
Binh Kieu-Do-Nguyen, Nguyen The Binh, Cuong Pham-Quoc, Huynh Phuc Nghi, Ngoc-Thinh Tran, Trong-Thuc Hoang, Cong-Kha Pham   +6 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Lightweight FPGA-Based Number-Theoretic Transform for ML-KEM in Post-Quantum Cryptography

IEEE Access
This study introduces a lightweight, energy-efficient Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) implementation tailored for the ML-KEM scheme in post-quantum cryptography.
Mohammed O. Alshomrany, Muhammad Al-Hashimi, Fawaz Alsolami, Mostafa Saleh, Osama Abulnaja, Turki F. Al-Somani, Abdullah Altuwaijri   +6 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Conceptual Review on Number Theoretic Transform and Comprehensive Review on Its Implementations

IEEE Access, 2023
The Number Theoretic Transform (NTT) is a powerful mathematical tool that has become increasingly important in developing Post Quantum Cryptography (PQC) and Homomorphic Encryption (HE).
Ardianto Satriawan, Infall Syafalni, Rella Mareta, Isa Anshori, Wervyan Shalannanda, Aleams Barra   +5 more
doaj   +1 more source

Hardware acceleration of number theoretic transform for zk‐SNARK

Engineering Reports, EarlyView., 2023
An FPGA‐based hardware accelerator with a multi‐level pipeline is designed to support the large‐bitwidth and large‐scale NTT tasks in zk‐SNARK. It can be flexibly scaled to different scales of FPGAs and has been equipped in the heterogeneous acceleration system with the help of HLS and OpenCL.
Haixu Zhao, Dong Ding, Feng Wang, Pengcheng Hua, Ning Wang, Qin Wu, Zhilei Chai   +6 more
wiley   +1 more source

CFNTT: Scalable Radix-2/4 NTT Multiplication Architecture with an Efficient Conflict-free Memory Mapping Scheme

Transactions on Cryptographic Hardware and Embedded Systems, 2021
Number theoretic transform (NTT) is widely utilized to speed up polynomial multiplication, which is the critical computation bottleneck in a lot of cryptographic algorithms like lattice-based post-quantum cryptography (PQC) and homomorphic encryption (HE)
Xiangren Chen, Bohan Yang, Shouyi Yin, Shaojun Wei, Leibo Liu   +4 more
doaj   +1 more source

Number-Theoretic Transform with Constant Time Computation for Embedded Post-Quantum Cryptography

Acta Electrotechnica et Informatica, 2022
In this article, we describe the principles and advantages of using the Number-Theoretic Transform (NTT) in post-quantum cryptography. We deal with usages of NTT in post-quantum algorithms included in the competition announced by the National Institute ...
Kupcová Eva, Drutarovský Miloš
doaj   +1 more source