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GENETIC CONSEQUENCES OF OUTCROSSING IN THE CLEISTOGAMOUS ANNUAL, IMPATIENS CAPENSIS . II. OUTCROSSING RATES AND GENOTYPIC CORRELATIONS

Evolution, 1989
The genetic consequences of a plant's mating system depend on both the degree of outcrossing and the genetic relationship between mates. We examined the electrophoretic genotypes of seeds derived from cleistogamous (CL) and chasmogamous (CH) flowers in six populations of the facultatively cleistogamous annual, Impatiens capensis.
Donald M, Waller, Susan E, Knight
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Outcrossing in celery (Apium graveolens)

Euphytica, 1984
Isozyme marker loci were used to measure outcrossing in artificial and natural populations of celery (Apium graveolens). In three separate experiments involving populations of uniform density and flowering time, outcrossing rate ranged from 47 to 87% and the mean was 71.4%.
T. J. Orton, P. Arus
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Natural outcrossing in common buckwheat

Euphytica, 1998
Common buckwheat is an obligate cross pollinating crop because of its sporophytic self-incompatibility system. Therefore a study to assess the extent of natural outcrossing was undertaken for two years at Morden and Portage la Prairie, Manitoba using the semi-dwarf character, which is due to a homozygous genotype with regard to a single recessive gene,
K.N. Adhikari, C.G. Campbell
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Natural Outcrossing in Rice Bean

Plant Breeding, 1987
AbstractNatural outcrossing in rice bean (Vigna umbellata [Thumb.] Ohwi and Ohashi) was studied in the progenies of recessive plants in F generation of six crosses involving three loci — Ti (seed coat base colour), (seed coat mosaic) and Rr (seedling colour), The estimate of outcrossing (α) varied from 0.27 10 0.81 and the percentage of line showing ...
N. D. Das, S. Dana
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The Rate of Outcrossing in Grain Amaranths

Plant Breeding, 1991
AbstractStudies of intra specific and inter specific out crossing rates were carried out for grain amaranths using two populations of A. hypochondriacus (populations 1008 and 1024) and two populations of A. cruentus (populations 1034 and 434). The studies were conducted at Kabete Campus, University of Nairobi and National Horticultural Research Station,
Agong, SG, Ayiecho, PO
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First Outcrossing Probability Bounds

Journal of Engineering Mechanics, 1984
The structural reliability theory encounters the difficult problem of assessing the probability that a random vector process crosses out of a given safe domain within a given time interval. For stationary vector processes, a way of calculating an optimal lower bound is demonstrated.
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The question of adaptive sex ratio in outcrossed vertebrates

Proceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological Sciences, 1979
Abstract Of various published theories of adaptive control of progeny sex ratio only two are plausible, a physiological theory by Trivers & Willard, and a demographic theory by Verner. The first applies to species in which sons and daughters impose different costs on parents, and in which only one or very few young are produced at
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Environmental Determinants of Outcrossing in Impatiens capensis (Balsaminaceae)

Evolution, 1980
Many plant species produce both chasmogamous flowers, adapted to attracting pollinators, and tiny cleistogamous flowers, adapted to self-fertilization. Darwin (1877) interpreted these cases of floral dimorphism as adaptations to the two, frequently antagonistic, functions served by flowers: successful cross-fertilization with other plants, and the ...
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