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Bipolar fuzzy outerplanar graphs approach in image shrinking [PDF]

Scientific Reports
Bipolar fuzzy outerplanar graphs are interesting and significant subclasses within the broader field of fuzzy graph theory. In this paper, bipolar fuzzy outerplanar graphs, and its properties are introduced.
Deivanai Jaisankar, Sujatha Ramalingam, Nagarajan Deivanayagampillai, Tadesse Walelign   +3 more
doaj   +3 more sources

Image contraction through fuzzy soft outerplanar graph structures [PDF]

Scientific Reports
Fuzzy sets and soft sets serve as powerful mathematical tools to handle uncertainty and vagueness in real-world problems. Building on these, this study introduces the concept of fuzzy soft outerplanar graphs (FSOGs), a fusion of fuzzy soft set theory ...
Deivanai Jaisankar, Sujatha Ramalingam, Gizachew Bayou Zegeye   +2 more
doaj   +2 more sources

A fuzzy graph theoretic approach to face shape recognition using cubic outerplanar structures [PDF]

Scientific Reports
The well-known topic of crisp graph planarity is contrasted with the more new and thoroughly studied field of planarity inside a fuzzy framework. In cubic fuzzy domain, cubic multisets with interval and fuzzy number to capture vagueness.
Deivanai Jaisankar, Sujatha Ramalingam, Gizachew Bayou Zegeye   +2 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Network design for bypass roads using interval valued fuzzy outerplanar graphs [PDF]

Scientific Reports
This paper presents a novel approach to bypass road network design using interval valued fuzzy outerplanar graphs (IVFOGs), addressing the increasing demands of vehicular growth and evolving lifestyles.
Deivanai Jaisankar, Sujatha Ramalingam, Nagarajan Deivanayagampillai, Tadesse Walelign   +3 more
doaj   +2 more sources

Fuzzy Outerplanar Graphs and Its Applications

International Journal of Computational Intelligence Systems
The concept of a crisp graph is essential in the study of outerplanar graphs because outerplanar graphs are a unique type of planar graphs containing special characteristics. One of the core concepts of crisp graphs, the notion of a subgraph, is utilized
Deivanai Jaisankar, Sujatha Ramalingam, Nagarajan Deivanayagampillai, Tadesse Walelign   +3 more
doaj   +2 more sources

B0-VPG Representation of AT-free Outerplanar Graphs

Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications, 2023
A $k$-bend path is a non-self-intersecting polyline in the plane made of at most $k+1$ axis-parallel line segments. B$_{k}$-VPG is the class of graphs which can be represented as intersection graphs of $k$-bend paths in the same plane. In this paper,
Sparsh Jain, Sreejith Pallathumadam, Deepak Rajendraprasad   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Edge-group choosability of outerplanar and near-outerplanar graphs [PDF]

Transactions on Combinatorics, 2020
Let $\chi_{gl}(G)$ be the {\it{group choice number}} of $G$. A graph $G$ is called {\it{edge-$k$-group choosable}} if its line graph is $k$-group choosable. The {\it{group-choice index}} of $G$, $\chi'_{gl}(G)$, is the smallest $k$ such that $G$ is edge-$
Amir Khamseh
doaj   +1 more source

Circular Separation Dimension of a Subclass of Planar Graphs [PDF]

Discrete Mathematics & Theoretical Computer Science, 2017
A pair of non-adjacent edges is said to be separated in a circular ordering of vertices, if the endpoints of the two edges do not alternate in the ordering.
Arpitha P. Bharathi, Minati De, Abhiruk Lahiri   +2 more
doaj   +1 more source

Monotonic Representations of Outerplanar Graphs as Edge Intersection Graphs of Paths on a Grid

Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications, 2022
In a representation of a graph $G$ as an edge intersection graph of paths on a grid (EPG) every vertex of $G$ is represented by a path on a grid and two paths share a grid edge iff the corresponding vertices are adjacent.
Eranda Çela, Elisabeth Gaar
doaj   +1 more source

Irreducible nonmetrizable path systems in graphs

Journal of Graph Theory, Volume 102, Issue 1, Page 5-14, January 2023., 2023
Abstract A path system P ${\mathscr{P}}$ in a graph G =(V , E ) $G=(V,E)$ is a collection of paths with a unique u v $uv$ path for every two vertices u , v ∈ V $u,v\in V$. We say that P ${\mathscr{P}}$ is consistent if for any path P ∈ P $P\in {\mathscr{P}}$, every subpath of P $P$ is also in P ${\mathscr{P}}$.
Daniel Cizma, Nati Linial
wiley   +1 more source