Results 11 to 20 of about 624,451 (140)
Recent patents on computational intelligence [PDF]
, 2008 The field of computational intelligence is the successor of artificial intelligence. It combines elements of learning, evolution and fuzzy logic to create programs that can exhibit, to some degree, intelligent behaviour.
Elizondo, David A., Matthews, Stephen
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SubstantiaThe emergence and evolution of “Green / Sustainable Chemistry” began decades earlier than the 1990s. Beginning in the 1920s and 1930s, atom efficient catalytic processes for producing simple organic compounds started to be discovered and commercialized.
Mark A. Murphy
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Frontiers in Public HealthIndia is known for its rich cultural heritage with different cultures and customs. Indian historical traditions and cultures were molded in a manner that most older adults were cared for at home by their children.
Nandakumar Bidare Sastry +3 more
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Does the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office Grant Too Many Bad Patents?: Evidence from a Quasi-Experiment [PDF]
, 2015 Many believe the root cause of the patent system’s dysfunction is that the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office (PTO or Agency) is issuing too many invalid patents that unnecessarily drain consumer welfare.
Frakes, Michael D. +1 more
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DNA as Patentable Subject Matter and a Narrow Framework for Addressing the Perceived Problems Caused by Gene Patents [PDF]
, 2011 Concerns about the alleged harmful effects of gene patents— including hindered research and innovation and impeded patient access to high-quality genetic diagnostic tests—have resulted in overreactions from the public and throughout the legal profession.
Schilling, Stephen H.
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Post-Issue Patent "Quality Control": A Comparative Study of US Patent Re-examinations and European Patent Oppositions [PDF]
We report the results of the first comparative study of the determinants and effects of patent oppositions in Europe and of re- examinations on corresponding patents issued in the United States.
Bronwyn H. Hall +3 more
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The location of innovative activity in Europe [PDF]
, 2008 In this paper we use new data to describe how firms from 15 European countries organise their innovative activities. The data matches firm level accounting data with information on the patents that those firms and their subsidiaries have applied for at ...
Abramovsky, L. +3 more
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